Modified TGF-beta superfamily proteins
a superfamily protein and superfamily technology, applied in the field of recombinant proteins, can solve the problems of not all solubilized heterologous proteins readily refold, low yield of biologically active proteins, and low yield of properly folded proteins, so as to improve solubility, improve biological properties, and improve solubility. the effect of solubility
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example 1
Synthesis of a BMP Mutant
[0190]FIG. 8 shows the nucleotide and corresponding amino acid sequence for the OP-1 C-terminal seven cysteine domain. Knowing these sequences permits identification of useful restriction sites for engineering in mutations by, for example, cassette mutagenesis or the well-known method of Kunkel (mutagenesis by primer extension using m13-derived single-stranded templates) or by the well-known PCR methods, including overlap extension. An exemplary mutant of OP-1 is H2460, with 4 amino acid changes in the finger 2 sub-domain and an amino acid change in the last C-terminal amino acid, constructed as described below. It is understood by the skilled artisan that the mutagenesis protocol described is exemplary only, and that other means for creating the constructs of the invention are well-known and well described in the art.
[0191] Four amino acid changes were introduced into the OP-1 finger 2 sub-domain sequence by means of standard polymerase chain reactions us...
example 2
E. coli Expression of a BMP
[0199] Transformed cells were grown in standard SPYE 2YT media, 1:1 ratio, (see, Sambrook et al., for example) at 37° C., under standard culturing conditions. Heterologous protein overexpression typically produced inclusion bodies within 8-48 hours. Inclusion bodies were isolated and solubilized as follows. One liter of culture fluid was centrifuged to collect the cells. The cells in the resulting pellet then were resuspended in 60 ml 25 mM Tris, 10 mM EDTA, pH 8.0 (TE Buffer)+100 μg / ml lysozyme and incubated at 37° C. for 2 hours. The cell suspension was then chilled on ice and sonicated to lyse the cells. Cell lysis was ascertained by microscopic examination. The volume of the lysate was adjusted to approximately 300 ml with TE Buffer, then centrifuged to obtain an inclusion body pellet. The pellet was washed by 2-4 successive resuspensions in TE Buffer and centrifugation. The washed inclusion body pellet was solubilized by denaturation and reduction in...
example 3
Refolding of a BMP Dimer
[0200] Proteins prepared as described above were dried down prior to refolding, or diluted directly into refolding buffer. The preferred refolding buffer used was: 100 mM Tris, 10 mM EDTA, 1 M NaCl, 2% CHAPS, 5 mM GSH (reduced glutathione), 2.5 mM GSSG (oxidized glutathione), pH 8.5. Refoldings (12.5-200 μg protein / ml) were carried out at 4° C. for 24-90 hours, typically 36-48 hours, although longer than this (up to weeks) are expected to provide good refolding in some mutants, followed by dialysis against 0.1% TFA, then 0.01% TFA, 50% ethanol. Aliquots of the dialyzed material then was dried down in preparation for the various assays.
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