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Platinum surface coating and method for manufacturing the same

a technology of surface coating and plating process, which is applied in the direction of transportation and packaging, chemistry apparatus and processes, and other domestic objects, can solve the problems of weak structural and physical strength of platinum black, degrading the electrode and damaging the tissue, and inefficient electrical charge transfer, etc., to achieve sufficient physical and structural strength, increase the surface area, and the effect of transferring charg

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-12-08
SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODS
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0012] The present invention is directed in part to a platinum surface coating having increased surface area for greater ability to transfer charge and also having sufficient physical and structural strength to withstand physical stress.

Problems solved by technology

Since platinum has a smooth surface and its surface area is limited by the geometry of the electrode, it is not efficient for transferring electrical charge.
Furthermore, without sufficiently low impedance, a large voltage may cause polarization of both the electrode and the tissue to which the electrode is attached forming possibly harmful byproducts, degrading the electrode and damaging the tissue.
Platinum black has weak structural and physical strength and is therefore not suitable for applications where the electrode is subject to even minimal physical stresses.
Lead, however, is a neurotoxin and cannot be used in biological systems.
Finally, due to platinum black's weak structure, the plating thickness is quite limited.

Method used

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  • Platinum surface coating and method for manufacturing the same
  • Platinum surface coating and method for manufacturing the same
  • Platinum surface coating and method for manufacturing the same

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Embodiment Construction

[0028] Referring to FIG. 1, an illustrative example of a platinum gray surface coating for an electrode is shown having a fractal surface with a surface area increase of greater than 5 times the surface area for a shiny platinum surface of the same geometry, shown in FIG. 2, and an increase in strength over a platinum black surface, shown in FIG. 3. FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are images produced on a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at 2000× magnifications taken by a JEOL JSM5910 microscope (Tokyo, Japan). Under this magnification level it is observed that platinum gray is of a fractal configuration having a cauliflower shape with particle sizes ranging from 0.5 to 15 microns. Each branch of such structure is further covered by smaller and smaller particles of similar shape. The smallest particles on the surface layer may be in the nanometer range. This rough and porous fractal structure increases the electrochemically active surface area of the platinum surface when compared to an electro...

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Abstract

An improved platinum surface coating and method for manufacturing the improved platinum surface coating wherein the platinum surface coating having a fractal surface coating of platinum [“platinum gray”] with a increase in surface area of at least 5 times when compared to shiny platinum of the same geometry and also having improved resistance to physical stress when compared to platinum black having the same surface area. The process of electroplating the surface coating of platinum gray comprising plating at a moderate rate, i.e., at a rate that is faster than the rate necessary to produce shiny platinum and that is less than the rate necessary to produce platinum black.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of application Ser. No.: 10 / 226,976, filed Aug. 23, 2002, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 372,062, filed Apr. 11, 2002, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH [0002] This invention was made with government support under grant No. R24EY12893-01, awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The Government has certain rights in the invention.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] 1. Field of the Invention [0004] The field of the invention relates to platinum surface coating and electroplating processes for deposition of platinum. [0005] 2. Description of Related Art [0006] Platinum has often been used as a material for electrodes in corrosive environments such as the human body due to its superior electrical characteristics, biocompatibility and stability. Platinum has many desirable qualities for use as an electrode for electric...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25D3/50A61N1/05
CPCA61N1/0543C25D3/50Y10S428/935Y10T428/12993Y10T428/12875
Inventor ZHOU, DAO MIN
Owner SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODS
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