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Grating-based sensor combining label-free binding detection and fluorescence amplification and readout system for sensor

a biochemical sensor and label-free technology, applied in the field of grating-based biochemical sensor devices and detection instruments, can solve the problems of insufficient surface area (depth) of prior er gratings, inability to properly control, and inability to induce an unacceptable source of variation, etc., to facilitate the study of very tight binding interactions and enhance the effect of quenching

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-12-30
X BODY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The dual-mode biosensor enables simultaneous high sensitivity in label-free detection and fluorescence amplification, expanding its applications to a broader range of biological and chemical samples by providing a unified platform for both ER and label-free detection, enhancing detection capabilities and operational flexibility.

Problems solved by technology

This practice, however, may induce an unacceptable source of variation without proper controls.
Prior ER gratings do not have enough surface area (depth) to render label-free sensitivity equivalent to current label-free grating sensors.

Method used

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  • Grating-based sensor combining label-free binding detection and fluorescence amplification and readout system for sensor
  • Grating-based sensor combining label-free binding detection and fluorescence amplification and readout system for sensor
  • Grating-based sensor combining label-free binding detection and fluorescence amplification and readout system for sensor

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Experimental program
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first embodiment

[0089]FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a first embodiment of a one-dimensional sensor having a grating structure 100 that is expected to meet commercial requirements for both ER and label-free applications of a grating-based sensor. FIG. 4 shows one period of a grating structure 100 in one dimension or direction. The dimensions are not to scale in FIG. 4.

[0090]The grating 100 of FIG. 4 is superimposed and bonded to a base sheet of clear material such as Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET) or other plastic, glass or other material (not shown).

[0091]The grating structure consists of a periodically repeating material 102 which preferably comprises a UV-cured material, e.g., epoxy, applied with the aid of a grating master wafer (not shown) to replicate the grating pattern onto the base sheet of PET material located below the layer “substrate.” The UV cured material 102 is applied to a substrate sheet such as PET. Substrate materials can also include polycarbonate or cyc...

second embodiment

[0100]FIG. 5 is a cross-section of a second embodiment, showing one period of the grating structure in one dimension and the structure of the of the UV cured layer 102, the high index of refraction layer 104, and the sample medium 106. The dimensions and transition points are as shown in the drawing. The drawing is not to scale.

[0101]The design of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 is several respects:

[0102]a) It has a shorter grating period.

[0103]b) It has narrower grating troughs or recesses. The “duty cycle” (percentage of the grating at the upper level in a unit cell) is 88% in FIGS. 5 (0 to 0.85 and 0.97 to 1.0). Narrow troughs with duty cycles of between 70 and 95% are exemplary of the narrow trough embodiments. The narrow troughs generally give better label-free detection results. The narrow trough feature narrows the TE resonance peak, thus indicating increased field strength. While practical use of the ER effect requires a sufficiently broad resonance, a resonance with exce...

embodiment example

B. Posts Embodiment Example

[0127]A 2-dimensional grating structure using a repeating unit cell characterized by a post will now be described with reference to FIGS. 20-24.

[0128]FIGS. 20A and 20B are perspective and cross-sectional views, respectively, of a unit cell of 2-dimensional grating design characterized by periodic posts 220 formed in the sensor surface. Each unit cell has one post 220. The posts 220 are raised projections in a substrate material 102 (e.g., UV cured polymer) which is applied to a base sheet (not shown). A high index of refraction (e.g., TiO2) coating is applied to the projections and substrate as shown in the Figures. The structure is optimized for BIND (label-free) detection in a water environment using light polarized in the X direction and optimized for ER detection in an air mode, using light polarized in the Y direction.

[0129]The design of FIG. 20 was studied by RCWA computer simulation. While the previous structure unit cell of FIG. 15 contained a “hol...

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Abstract

A grating-based sensor is disclosed that has a grating structure constructed and designed for both evanescent resonance (ER) fluorescence detection and label-free detection applications. Some embodiments are disclosed which are optimized for ER detection in an air mode, in which the sample is dry. Other embodiments are optimized for ER detection in liquid mode, in which the sample is suspended in liquid medium such as water. One and two-dimensional gratings are also disclosed, including gratings characterized by unit cells with central posts, central holes, and two-level, two-dimensional gratings. A readout system for such sensors is also disclosed. One embodiment includes a first light source optimized for collecting label-free detection data, a second light source optimized for collecting ER fluorescence amplification data, and at least one detector. In one embodiment, the detector is in the form of an imaging system and includes a CCD camera for collecting both ER and label-free data. In other embodiments, the at least one detector takes the form of a spectrometer for collection of label-free data and a photomultiplier for collecting ER data. In other embodiments, a single light source such as a tunable laser or broad band light source is used.

Description

PRIORITY [0001]This application is divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 11 / 490,556 filed Jul. 20, 2006, which claims priority benefits under 35 U.S.C. §119 (e) to the following U.S. provisional patent applications, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein:[0002](1) Ser. No. 60 / 707,579 filed Aug. 11, 2005[0003](2) Ser. No. 60 / 713,694 filed Sep. 2, 2005[0004](3) Ser. No. 60 / 778,160 filed Feb. 28, 2006[0005](4) Ser. No. 60 / 790,207 filed Apr. 7, 2006.BACKGROUND[0006]A. Field of the Invention[0007]This invention relates generally to grating-based biochemical sensor devices and detection instruments for such devices. Grating-based sensors are typically used for optical detection of the adsorption of a biological material, such as DNA, protein, viruses or cells, small molecules, or chemicals, onto a surface of the device or within a volume of the device. The sensor of this invention has a grating structure that is constructed in a manner for use in two different...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): G01N21/00
CPCG01N21/552G01N21/6428G01N21/648Y10S436/805Y10T436/143333Y10S435/808G01N21/7743G01N21/64
Inventor SCHULZ, STEPHEN C.CUNNINGHAM, BRIAN T.LAING, LANCE G.LI, PETER Y.BINDER, BRANTJOGIKALMATH, GANGADHARBORSODY, ALEX
Owner X BODY
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