This invention discloses the application of elamod in the preparation of drugs for treating
neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). For the first time,
in vivo animal experiments have demonstrated that elamod can significantly inhibit the production of pathogenic AQP4 antibodies in NMOSD model mice, improve
motor function,
retinal and
optic nerve function, and reduce
myelin damage. Unlike existing B-
cell depletion
monoclonal antibody therapies, elamod employs a "non-depletion" regulatory mode, inhibiting B-
cell activation and
antibody secretion without directly eliminating B cells, thus preserving some immune surveillance function and reducing the risk of long-term infection. Ailamod is an oral
small molecule drug, included in the national medical insurance program, inexpensive, with no
immunogenicity risk, and significantly better
patient compliance than injectable
monoclonal antibodies. This invention provides a novel, highly effective, and specific targeted
drug for NMOSD, possessing significant clinical translational value.