The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers for crops and more particularly relates to a special ecological fertilizer for improving the content of scutellarein glucoside of codonopsis pilosula. The special fertilizer is prepared from sugar beet pulp, astragalus smicus, bean dregs, potassium hydroxide, composted sheep excrement, composted chicken excrement, peat moss, urea, ammonium polyphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, rare earth elements and an active inducer. According to the special ecological fertilizer, charcoal formed by carbonization of forestry and agricultural residues is sufficiently mixed with the composted farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers to form a mixed fertilizer with the charcoal as a matrix, and therefore the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased; meanwhile, the active inducer capable of increasing secondary metabolite of the codonopsis pilosula is added to the mixed fertilizer to increase active substances of the codonopsis pilosula and improve the quality of the codonopsis pilosula. The special ecological fertilizer is reasonable in formula and completely balanced in nutrition, and has a relatively high market value, and the yield and the quality of the codonopsis pilosula are greatly improved.