[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0034] figure 1 Shown are the embodiments of the wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation complementary power supply system based on hybrid energy storage of supercapacitor battery. This embodiment includes a DC bus 11, a DC/DC step-down converter 20, an AC/DC converter 30, a super capacitor bank 40, a DC/AC inverter 50, a battery bank 60, a battery charging circuit 700, a photovoltaic array 70, Wind turbine 80, diesel generator/mains interface 90, photovoltaic power output terminal 300, wind power output terminal 400, AC load port 500, DC load port 600, AC load 100 and DC load 200. The DC bus 11 is connected to the super capacitor bank 40, the photovoltaic array 70 is connected to the super capacitor bank 40 through the DC/DC buck converter 20, and the photovoltaic power generation output terminal 300 is connected to the photovoltaic array 70 and the DC/DC buck converter 20; The generator 80 is connected to the super capacitor bank 40 through the AC/DC converter 30, and the wind power output terminal 400 is connected to the wind generator 80 and the AC/DC converter 30; the diesel engine/mains interface 90 is connected to the AC/DC converter 30 through the AC/DC converter 30. The super capacitor bank 40 is connected, and the wind power output terminal 400 is connected to the oil machine/mains interface 90 and the AC/DC converter 30; the super capacitor bank 40 is connected to the battery bank 60 through the battery charging circuit 700; the battery bank 60 is connected to the DC load 200 The battery pack 60 is connected to the AC load 100 through the DC/AC inverter 50, the AC load port 500 is connected to the DC/AC inverter 50 and the AC load 100; the DC load port 600 is connected to the battery charging circuit 700, and is connected to the DC load 200 It is connected to the battery pack 60. The battery charging circuit 700 adopts a DC/DC converter, including step-down, step-up, and buck-boost conversion circuits, and can also be isolated and non-isolated conversion circuits. The DC/AC inverter 50 may be a three-phase inverter or a single-phase inverter.
[0035] The supercapacitor bank 40 can use electric double layer capacitors or electrochemical capacitors. Multiple single supercapacitors are connected in series to form a series branch, and multiple series branches are connected in parallel to form a supercapacitor bank 40. The specific series-parallel combination method depends on It depends on the actual needs of the system. The positive electrode terminal 40 a of the super capacitor bank 40 is connected to the positive terminal 11 a of the DC bus 11, and the negative electrode terminal 40 b of the super capacitor bank 40 is connected to the negative terminal 11 b of the DC bus 11. Taking into account the service life of the supercapacitor bank, usually the cell voltage must not exceed the maximum working voltage.
[0036] figure 2 Shown is the DC/DC buck converter 20 of the present invention, which consists of a photovoltaic controller controllable power switch tube 22, a photovoltaic controller power diode 21, a photovoltaic controller inductor 23, a photovoltaic controller filter capacitor 24, and a photovoltaic power output Terminal 300 and DC bus 11 are formed. The 22a terminal of the photovoltaic controller controllable power switch tube 22 is connected to the positive terminal 300a of the photovoltaic power generation output terminal 300, and the 22b terminal is connected to the cathode 21a terminal of the photovoltaic controller power diode 21, and to the 23a terminal of the photovoltaic controller inductor 23 The anode 21b of the photovoltaic controller power diode 21 is connected to the negative terminal 300b of the photovoltaic power generation output terminal 300, and is connected to the negative terminal 11b of the DC bus 11; the photovoltaic controller inductor 23's 23b terminal is connected to the positive terminal 11a of the DC bus 11 Connection; the photovoltaic controller filter capacitor 24 and the DC bus 11 are connected in parallel. Among them, the photovoltaic controller controllable power switch tube 22 includes but is not limited to MOSFET, IGBT, IGCT, etc. This embodiment adopts an IPM module integrating IGBT power switch device and its driving circuit, and the module has overcurrent and overheat protection functions. The photovoltaic power generation output terminal 300 is used as the input terminal, the DC bus 11 is used as the output terminal, the circuit is a step-down DC/DC, the photovoltaic controller controllable power switch tube 22 is used as a controllable switch, and the photovoltaic controller power diode 21 controls the circuit work process. The DC bus 11 is connected to the super capacitor bank 40, and the photovoltaic power generation output terminal 300 is connected to the photovoltaic array 70.
[0037] image 3 Shown is the AC/DC converter 30 of the present invention, which consists of an uncontrolled rectifier bridge 35, a wind controller controllable power switch tube 32, a wind controller power diode 31, a wind controller inductor 33, and a wind controller filter capacitor 34 The wind power output terminal 400 and the DC bus 11 are composed; the 32a terminal of the wind controller power switch tube 32 is connected to the 35a terminal of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge 35, and the 32b terminal is connected to the cathode 31a terminal of the wind power controller power diode 31, and The 33a end of the wind controller inductor 33 is connected; the anode 31b of the wind controller power diode 31 is connected to the 35b end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge 35, and is connected to the negative terminal 11b of the DC bus 11; the 33b end of the wind controller inductor 33 It is connected with the positive terminal 11a of the DC bus 11; the wind controller filter capacitor 34 is connected in parallel with the DC bus 11. Among them, the wind power controller controllable power switch tube 32 includes but is not limited to MOSFET, IGBT, IGCT, etc. This embodiment adopts an IPM module integrating IGBT power switch device and its driving circuit, and the module has overcurrent and overheat protection functions. The wind power output terminal 400 is used as an input terminal, the DC bus 11 is used as an output terminal, and the wind power controller controllable power switch tube 32 is used as a controllable switch to control the working process of the circuit together with the wind power controller power diode 31. The DC bus 11 is connected to the super capacitor bank 40, and the wind power output terminal 400 is connected to the wind power generator 80 and the diesel generator/mains interface 90.
[0038] When the photovoltaic array 70 works in the maximum power tracking output mode, the photovoltaic array 70 supplies power to the AC load 100 and the DC load 200, and charges the super capacitor bank 40 and the storage battery 60; when the wind turbine 80 works in the maximum power tracking output mode When the wind power generator 80 supplies power to the AC load 100 and the DC load 200, and charges the super capacitor bank 40 and the battery bank 60; when the load is lighter or the voltage of the DC bus 11 rises, the super capacitor bank 40 is reduced by DC/DC The voltage converter 20 and the AC/DC converter 30 absorb electric energy, and the battery pack 60 absorbs electric energy through the battery charging circuit 700; when the power supply of the photovoltaic array 70 and the wind generator 80 is insufficient due to climate change, the voltage of the DC bus 11 decreases, The super capacitor bank 40 releases electric energy through the battery charging circuit 700 and the battery bank 60 to buffer power and stabilize the voltage; when the power output of the photovoltaic array 70, the wind turbine 80, the super capacitor bank 40 and the battery bank 60 cannot meet the load When power supply is required, the wind-solar hybrid system is connected to the mobile diesel engine or other external power source through the diesel engine/mains interface 90 to temporarily power the load, and part of the power is supplied to the super capacitor bank 40 and the battery bank 60 through the AC/DC converter 30 Recharge. When the voltage of the DC bus 11 returns to the preset value, the system cuts off the diesel engine/mains interface 90.
[0039] Figure 4Shown are the experimental waveforms of the hybrid energy storage response of the complementary power supply system of the present invention when the sunlight intensity changes. The upper picture shows the output voltage and current value of the photovoltaic array, the middle picture shows the terminal voltage and charge and discharge current values of the super capacitor bank, and the lower picture shows The terminal voltage and charge and discharge current value of the battery pack. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the output power of the photovoltaic system fluctuates greatly with the change of the amount of sunlight (mainly manifested as the pulsation of the output current), due to the high power of the super capacitor Density, it has a good filtering effect on the response of the energy storage system when the pulsating current is input. When the photovoltaic output power is sufficient, it absorbs electrical energy. For example, during 350 seconds to 420 seconds, the photovoltaic output charges the super capacitor bank, and the input The current is between 1 ampere and 2 amperes; when the photovoltaic output power is insufficient, electric energy is released. For example, during 230 seconds to 250 seconds, the super capacitor bank discharges to charge the battery bank, and the discharge current is about 0.5 ampere; this makes the battery bank The charging current is relatively smooth. During the whole working period, the terminal voltage of the super capacitor bank and the battery bank changes very little, stable at about 24 volts, which can provide stable power to the load. The use of supercapacitor battery hybrid energy storage improves the power output capacity of the energy storage device, and can reduce the capacity that must be increased to increase the power capacity when the battery is stored separately; it optimizes the working process of the battery and reduces the small charge and discharge cycle. Avoid premature failure and capacity loss of the battery.
