Failure diagnosis method and apparatus of hydroturbine based on acoustic emission technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydroturbine fault diagnosis method and a hydroturbine fault diagnosis device based on acoustic emission technology. The method applies the acoustic emission technology to the fault diagnosis of a hydroturbine set, obtains acoustic emission signals on a hydroturbine draft tube and guide vanes of a watermill chamber through an acoustic emission sensor, eliminates noise by adopting morphological filtering technology, adopts the pulse repetition rate to analyze the intensity of the periodicity of the acoustic emission signals, combines spectrum analysis and waveform nearness analysis to identify common rub impact, cracks as well as cavitation and cavitation erosion states, and applies wavelet packet technology for the decomposition and reconstruction of the signals to calculate the acoustic intensity of acoustic emission and perform the trend analysis of parameters of the acoustic intensity along with the working condition such as active power, water head and guide vane opening, further to comprehensively know the operation state and performances of a hydroturbine generator set and guide the operation of a hydroturbine.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for fault diagnosis of mixed-flow, axial-flow, diagonal-flow and other hydraulic turbine generator sets applied in the field of hydroelectric power generation. The method and device use acoustic emission technology, which can detect friction and cracks and cavitation cavitation state for identification. Background technique [0002] Various factors that affect the operation status of hydro turbines, such as mechanical, electrical and hydraulic factors, are complex and interrelated. The three factors are often coupled with each other, making the dynamics and vibration mechanisms of hydro turbines more complicated. Although most hydropower plants have installed Vibration status monitoring and fault diagnosis system, but the traditional vibration diagnosis has many limitations, such as cracks, cavitation and Karman vortex in the flow parts of the turbine, it is difficult to directly monitor the fault po...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] So far, in the application of acoustic emission technology for fault diagnosis of hydraulic turbines at home and abroad, we have not found methods and devices that can qualitatively and quantitatively diagnose rubbing, cracks and cavitation cavitation erosion faults

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