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Low-temperature molten salt system for aluminum electrolysis and method for carrying out aluminum electrolysis by same

An aluminum electrolysis and system technology, applied in the field of non-ferrous metal metallurgical molten salt electrolysis, can solve the problems of reduced solubility, slow dissolution rate, low conductivity of the electrolyte system, etc., and achieves the effect of reducing melting point, reducing energy consumption, and improving physical and chemical properties.

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-03-17
GENERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR NONFERROUS METALS BEIJNG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature molten salt system for aluminum electrolysis, to provide a low-temperature electrolyte composition suitable for aluminum electrolysis production, and to solve the problems caused by the electrolyte system based on sodium cryolite. 2 o 3 Disadvantages of reduced solubility and slow dissolution rate and low conductivity of the electrolyte system based on pure potassium cryolite

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] The molar ratio of the substances is: 55% Potassium Fluoride (KF): 40% Aluminum Fluoride (AlF 3 ): 5% alumina (Al 2 o 3 ), the powder is mixed evenly after dewatering treatment, heated up to 750°C, and an alloy anode ((90 mass%) Cu (10 mass%) Al) and TiB 2 The coated cathode constitutes an electrolytic system for electrolysis to obtain primary aluminum.

Embodiment 2

[0029]The molar ratio of the substances is: 45% Potassium Fluoride (KF): 10% Sodium Fluoride (NaF): 40% Aluminum Fluoride (AlF 3 ): 5% alumina (Al 2 o 3 ), the powder was mixed evenly after dewatering treatment, heated up to 770°C, and a cermet anode ((88% by mass) NiFe 2 o 4 (12% by mass) Cu) and TiB 2 The coated cathode constitutes an electrolytic system for electrolysis to obtain primary aluminum.

Embodiment 3

[0031] The molar ratio of the substances is: 45% Potassium Fluoride (KF): 3% Lithium Fluoride (LiF): 5% Sodium Chloride (NaCl): 5% Potassium Chloride (KCl): 37% Aluminum Fluoride (AlF 3 ): 5% alumina (Al 2 o 3 ), the powder is mixed evenly after dewatering treatment, heated up to 740°C, and a cermet anode ((40% by mass) ZnFe 2 o 4 (45% by mass) Ni a Fe 3-a o 4 (9% by mass) Cu (6% by mass) Ag) and TiB 2 The coated cathode constitutes an electrolytic system for electrolysis to obtain primary aluminum.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of molten salt electrolysis of nonferrous metal metallurgy and provides a novel molten salt electrolyte system which can be applied to the aluminum electrolysis industry. The molten salt as an electrolyte system of aluminum electrolysis can greatly reduce the electrolysis temperature, and the electrolyte system also presents a favorable dissolving performance onAl2O3 in the process of electrolysis. The novel molten salt electrolyte system comprises ternary or multivariant salt, such as KF, KCl, NaF, NaCl, AlF3, MgF2, CaF2, LiF, BaF2, Al2O3, and the like. Theelectrolyte system has a lower primary crystal temperature and the favorable dissolving performance on the Al2O3. The problems of low Al2O3 solubility and low dissolving speed brought by reducing theelectrolyte primary crystal temperature through reducing the NaF / AlF3 ratio in a sodium cryolite system are solved. In addition, the low-temperature electrolyte system is particularly suitable for adopting an inert anode of metal ceramics or metal alloy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrolyte system for aluminum electrolysis, which is characterized by a relatively low primary crystal temperature and is suitable for electrolysis at low temperatures, and belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy molten salt electrolysis. Background technique [0002] The Hall-Héroult method is used to produce aluminum by electrolysis, which uses a sodium cryolite system to dissolve alumina at a temperature of 940-960 ° C, and then electrolyzes to obtain primary aluminum. After more than 100 years of development, the Hall-Héroult method has undergone some technological innovations to reduce energy consumption. Currently, it can achieve energy consumption of 13.5kwh per kilogram of primary aluminum, but due to the high operating temperature, it is far from the theoretical energy consumption of 6.33kwh. Therefore, reducing the operating temperature of aluminum electrolysis has become the consensus of research...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C3/18C25C3/06
Inventor 卢世刚阚素荣丁海洋张向军李国勋
Owner GENERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR NONFERROUS METALS BEIJNG
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