Ecological rehabilitation method for removing heavy metals in soil

A technology for ecological restoration and dumping, which is applied in the restoration of polluted soil, etc., can solve the problems of plant configuration technology in heavy metal mining dumps, single species of reconstructed vegetation, unstable growth conditions, etc., so as to improve soil dumping. Field landscape, fast growth, and improving the ability to retain water and fertilizer

Active Publication Date: 2012-01-25
SHAOGUAN TAOLIN GREEN TECH
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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, although the ecological restoration of heavy metal mining dumps by revegetation has become a research and application hotspot in the field of environmental science, from the perspective of the current domestic and foreign research and practical development of ecological restoration technology of dumps, there are still the following problems: ( 1) Although many heavy metal-tolerant plants have been screened out in relevant research, there is no plant configuration technology specifically for the ecological restoration of heavy metal mining dumps; (2) From the perspective of restoration technology and related operating procedures, domestic heavy metal mining The technology related to field ecological restoration is not mature enough, and it cannot comprehensively consider the rational allocation of species with different habits, resulting in the phenomenon of single species of rebuilt vegetation, high maintenance costs, and unstable growth conditions; (3) From the perspective of application effect, due to the lack of scientific Plant configuration technology, the current ecological restoration of heavy metal mining dumps generally has problems such as unstable ecosystems, unsatisfactory landscape effects, and poor restoration effects

Method used

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  • Ecological rehabilitation method for removing heavy metals in soil
  • Ecological rehabilitation method for removing heavy metals in soil
  • Ecological rehabilitation method for removing heavy metals in soil

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Embodiment 1

[0033] Embodiment 1 vegetation investigation and Pb / Zn / Cu tolerance plant screening

[0034] The ecological survey of vegetation status was carried out in nine copper / lead-zinc mining areas in Guangdong, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu and Yunnan, and 217 species of 85 genera and species of higher plants were recorded and analyzed. Considering the biomass, dominance, heavy metal content of the plants in the settlement site and the heavy metal content of the corresponding soil, 35 species of copper-tolerant plants and 45 species of lead- and zinc-tolerant plants were preliminarily screened out. Through indoor hydroponic or soil culture experiments, 16 kinds of Cu-tolerant plants were verified, namely: Cynorrhizae haizhou, Commelina chinensis, Muscaria chinensis, Polygonum cephalum, Polygonum sorrel, Polygonum water, Artemisia chinensis, Flea, Qumai , Nvloucai, Kabangui, sorrel, pokeweed, ramie, Artemisia captiva and foxtail. 15 kinds of lead- and zinc-tolerant plants, namely: Dianbaiqia...

Embodiment 2

[0035] Embodiment 2 Indoor potted three-dimensional plant configuration mode

[0036] In September 2007, the heavy metal-contaminated soil was collected from the Dabaoshan wasteland and transported back to the laboratory, and a pot experiment was used to build a tree-shrub-grass three-dimensional configuration vegetation restoration model indoors. The upper layer of vegetation is planted with Cd-tolerant plant carambola, the middle layer with shrub peach blossom, ramie, etc., and the lower layer with herbaceous Zn-tolerant plant Sedum sedum, Cu-tolerant plant Dracula chinensis, polymetallic-tolerant grass species Bermudagrass, tall fescue, etc. A total of 16 combinations of different arbor-shrub-grass or arbor-grass configuration patterns were designed. The arbor carambola seedlings are seedlings cultivated in the field; The seeds of wild seedlings, tall fescue, and bermudagrass are collected directly for sowing. One year later, the trees grew well, the shrubs were poor, the ...

Embodiment 3

[0037] Embodiment 3 Dabaoshan dump site vegetation restoration configuration mode

[0038] Field seedlings include eucalyptus, paulownia, camphor, masson pine and other saplings; reed, ground millet, elephant grass, and five-jointed awns are raised in rhizomes directly in nutrition bags; seeds of bermudagrass and tall fescue are collected in autumn. The reared seedlings are planted in the dump site polluted by heavy metals according to the allocation area ratios of trees, shrubs and herbs of 10-20%, 20-30% and 50-70% respectively. The planting distance of trees is 5m, and the planting distance of shrubs is 1m. The density of bermudagrass and tall fescue grass seeds is 20kg of grass seeds per hectare of land area. straw. Depending on the survival and growth of the seedlings, replant certain seedlings. After one year, a stable vegetation community was basically established on the bare land of the dump, with a coverage of 70-80% ( Figure 4 ).

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for removing heavy metals in soil. The method is characterized in that: arbors, shrubs and herbal plants are planted in a matching way. The method has the advantages of easy implementation, fast vegetation building, large coverage and good stability, and suitability for large-area recovery. Through the method, a stable and stereoscopic vegetation ecosystem can be built on a heavy metal mining waste disposal site in a short time; and the diffusion and spreading of the heavy metal pollution sources through atmosphere or water body can be effectively controlled.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of heavy metals by using plant growth configurations, in particular to a method for ecological restoration of heavy metal mining dumps. Background technique [0002] Heavy metal mining dumps are the main components of mining wasteland, which not only destroys and occupies a large amount of land resources, but also brings a series of far-reaching environmental problems, the most prominent of which is the passage of heavy metals and other pollutants through the atmosphere and water bodies. Widespread, the quality of crops in the surrounding areas will decline, the yield will be reduced or even lost, the ecosystem will be extremely degraded, and the pollutants will directly affect human health through the food chain. At the same time, a large number of mining dumps will cause varying degrees of damage to the local natural environment. Vegetation restoration, as an important means of pollution c...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B09C1/00
Inventor 杨兵杨胜香廖斌束文圣
Owner SHAOGUAN TAOLIN GREEN TECH
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