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Amplified electrokinetic fluid pumping switching and desalting

A microfluidic device, voltage technology, applied in the field of changing the flow direction and direct seawater desalination, amplifying pumping, can solve the problems of consumption, membrane fouling, high cost, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-08-17
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These particles and microorganisms cause membrane fouling which is a major problem for both RO and ED systems
In seawater desalination, the process of forward osmosis (refining seawater into a more saline liquid followed by reverse osmosis) is used for filtration, but implementation of this method is constrained by high costs due to the additional energy required

Method used

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  • Amplified electrokinetic fluid pumping switching and desalting
  • Amplified electrokinetic fluid pumping switching and desalting
  • Amplified electrokinetic fluid pumping switching and desalting

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 2

[0224] Such as Figure 11 As shown in (a), once ICP starts, a depletion zone forms within 1 s, diverting charged ions (represented by dye molecules) into the "saline" water stream. Such as Figure 11 As shown in (b), the ICP layer becomes virtual for all negatively charged particles and positively charged particles (including most solid particles, microorganisms and biomolecules (proteins, bacteria, viruses, red blood cells, white blood cells, etc.) found in seawater. barrier layer. Figure 11 The device shown in (b) has microchannel inlet dimensions of 100 μm wide by 15 μm deep in order to clearly demonstrate the movement of leukocytes. This is because most aquatic microorganisms and microparticles have a non-zero (usually slightly negative) zeta potential. Thus, small salt ions and large microorganisms can be removed from the output desalted fluid. Therefore, this process is very attractive for seawater desalination directly from nature. Because most of the ions are rem...

example 3

[0228] Each microchannel was connected to a nanoflow sensor (Upchurch, N-565) for in situ measurement of the actual flow rate out of each microchannel. Such as Figure 14 As shown, the inlet flow rate is almost equally divided into the branched microchannels. Example 3 power consumption

[0229] The steady-state current required by the unit device of the present invention is 1 μA (in a device with a microchannel cross section of 100 μm×15 μm, the output flow rate of seawater desalination is 0.25 μL / min) or ~30 μA (in a device with a microchannel cross section of 500 μm×100 μm, the seawater Desalting output flow rate is 10 μL / min). Therefore, the power consumption of each unit device is about 75 μW˜2250 μW. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the desalination mechanism is 5Wh / L (75μW / 0.25μL / min) to 3.75Wh / L (2250μW / 10μL / min). In addition to this, the energy required to transport the fluid through the microchannel is 0.041 mWh / L to 1.55 mWh / L. When the flow rate Q=0.25 μL / m...

example 4

[0231] Parallelization of an example 4-unit device

[0232] The critical desalting step takes place within a short distance within the microchannel, so it is estimated that the required lateral space (area) for a unitary microfluidic device is approximately 1 mm x 1 mm. A large number of unit devices are arranged in parallel on the scale of 6-8 inch wafers (17600-31400mm 2 , which allows scaling up to 1.5 x 10 4 ~3×10 4 ) enables a production of 150 mL / min to 300 mL / min in a small system, which is well suited for portable seawater desalination applications. Such as Figure 15 In this system, gravity is used to pass the fluid through a pre-filter stack to remove large particles / impurities, and through a large number of parallel arrays of ICP desalination devices (similar to a home filtration system) to eliminate pathogens and salts share.

[0233] For comparison, gravity-driven commercial household water purification systems (non-desalination systems) have ~200 mL / min throug...

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Abstract

The present invention provides a device and methods of use thereof for desalting a solution. The methods, inter-alia, make use of a device comprising microchannels, which are linked to conduits, whereby induction of an electric field in the conduit results in the formation of a space charge layer within the microchannel. The space charge layer provides an energy barrier for salt ions and generates an ion depletion zone proximal to the linkage region between the microchannel and the conduit. The method thus enables the removal of salt ions from the region proximal to the conduit and their accumulation in a region distant from the conduit, within the microchannel.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention provides a method of accelerating the flow of liquid in a microfluidic device. The present invention also provides methods for amplifying pumping, redirecting flow, and direct (membrane-free) seawater desalination. The methods described above are based on the inductive localization of charged species in solution, which leads to enhanced fluid flow. The localized charged species can be further separated, isolated and removed from solution. Background technique [0002] One of the main challenges of proteomics is the high complexity of biomolecular samples (eg, serum or cell extracts). A typical blood sample can contain over 10,000 different protein species with concentrations varying by up to nine orders of magnitude. This diversity of proteins and their huge concentration range pose a huge challenge to sample preparation for proteomics. [0003] Traditional protein analysis techniques based on multi-dimensional separation step...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01D57/02
CPCB01L2400/0418B01D57/02B01L2400/0487B01L3/50273C02F2103/08C02F1/4696C02F1/4698C02F1/469Y10S977/70G01N27/447B01L3/502753F04B19/006Y02W10/37B01D61/42C02F1/44
Inventor 金承载韩忠润
Owner MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH
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