Near-surface noise suppression method on basis of wave equation forward modeling
A wave equation, near-surface technology, applied in the field of geophysical exploration, can solve problems such as inability to distinguish and remove noise, inability to analyze surface noise, etc., to achieve the effect of improving the signal-to-noise ratio
Active Publication Date: 2013-11-13
BC P INC CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP +1
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[0004] However, the actual surface in the field is undulating. In addition to the severe lateral changes in lithology and velocity near the surface, the undulating surface is also an important factor in generating various noises. The change of terrain causes seismic waves to present complex propagation phenomena near the surface, resulting in Due to the different nature of surface interference, the previous forward modeling target imaging observation system design method cannot analyze the noise generated by the surface, let alone effectively distinguish and remove noise in seismic data processing
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[0019] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0020] The present invention is a near-surface noise suppression method based on wave equation forward modeling to determine the noise generated near the surface, identify and locate the noise source, and suppress the noise. The implementation steps are:
[0021] 1) Collect field surface survey data and geological data of the work area, and combine the work area surface survey data and elevation measurement data to establish a two-dimensional geological velocity model. figure 1 It is a two-dimensional geological velocity model of an area where the surface undulation is severe, and the lateral lithology changes near the surface are very large.
[0022] Step 1) described setting up two-dimensional geological velocity model is: at first determine the scope of model with surface elevation and geological data, secondly establish surface line according to elevation data; E...
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The invention relates to a near-surface noise suppression method on the basis of a wave equation forward modeling, which is applied to acquisition design and data processing of seismic exploration. The near-surface noise suppression method on the basis of the wave equation forward modeling comprises the following steps of: acquiring field surface survey data to establish a geologic structure model; acquiring a seismic wave synthetic analogue record by using the forward modeling under the free boundary condition of elastic waves on the basis of the relief earth surface; enabling the position of each detection point to correspond to the position of the model and determining a position at which a scattered wave has a crossed relation with a source wave event at a scattering point; and according to the wavelength and the amplitude intensity of the scattering influence, obtaining the frequency band, the amplitude intensity and the wavelength of the noise and suppressing the noise by adopting a field detector combination mode. According to the invention, the scattered noise caused by the relief earth surface or the near-surface lithology variation can be analyzed, the position of a scattering source is accurately determined, the noise is suppressed and the signal to noise ratio of seismic data is improved.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to geophysical exploration technology, and is a near-surface noise suppression method based on wave equation forward modeling, which is applied to seismic exploration acquisition design and data processing. Background technique [0002] There are many primary noises in seismic data, such as: surface wave, direct wave, and various scattering noises, and scattering noise is the key factor to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio in complex areas. Vigorously undulating surface and near-surface lithological changes are likely to cause changes in the seismic wave field, especially various scattering noises generated by seismic waves due to surface undulation and inhomogeneity. In order to provide a basis for scientifically designing the field combination noise reduction method in the acquisition stage and how to denoise in the data processing stage, it is necessary to analyze various noises generated under different near-surface conditions....
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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/36
Inventor 李培明蔡锡伟何宝庆吴迪郭明杰徐浩
Owner BC P INC CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP