Steelmaking method suitable for small power electric arc furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a steelmaking method suitable for a small power electric arc furnace. The steelmaking method comprises the following steps of: preparing raw materials, melting, heating, oxidizing, reducing and tapping. In the steelmaking process, an oxygen gun is used for supplying oxygen; in the melting step, the electric arc furnace is powered up to melt a furnace charge, the oxygen flow is adjusted to be 200-800m<3> / h to assist melting the furnace charge, and the electric arc furnace is powered off when the furnace charge is smelted; in the heating step, oxygen is continuously blown into the furnace, foaming slag is made and heating is carried out until the temperature of a melt is 1,570-1,590DEG C, and the oxygen flow is 300-500m<3> / h; and in the oxidizing step, when the temperature of the melt is 1,570-1,590DEG C, the oxygen flow of the oxygen gun is controlled to be 300-800 m<3> / h to make foaming slag and decarbonize. The steelmaking method suitable for the small power electric arc furnace is safe to operate, can stably and continuously make steel without violent boiling accidents, protects smelting equipment and prolongs the service life of the smelting equipment; the inherent quality of the made steel is obviously improved; the oxygen flowing efficiency is improved, smelting time is shortened, the consumption of oxygen lances is reduced and refractory materials are saved; and the production cost is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a steelmaking method, in particular to a steelmaking method suitable for a low-power electric arc furnace of less than 20 tons. Background technique [0002] Electric arc furnace steelmaking needs to blow oxygen into the furnace, usually by oxygen blowing tube method or oxygen lance method. Oxygen is blown in by using an oxygen blowing pipe, which is generally held by a manpower or a robot and inserted into the molten pool from the furnace door. The cost is high, and in addition, there are major safety hazards. The oxygen lance has a large amount of oxygen supply, a high-speed (>1.9G) oxygen flow, and has a greater stirring function, which can strongly stir the molten pool, thereby increasing the reaction speed in the furnace and uniform composition and temperature of molten steel. Improving the intrinsic quality of steel is the first condition. These advantages make oxygen lances widely used in electric arc furnace steelm...

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Problems solved by technology

Although a large amount of oxygen supply is conducive to improving the internal quality of steel, the amount of oxygen input per unit time is large, and it is slightly improperly controlled. In a low-power electric arc furnace, especially in an electric arc furnace below 20 tons, carbon and oxygen are violently generated. Oxidation reaction, a large amount of gas is generated instantly in the furnace, and a large boiling is generated in the molten pool. The flame and heat wave are wrapped with molten steel and steel slag sprayed out from the furnace door; this kind of slag splashing not only wastes the metal in the molten steel In severe cases, it will cause damage to the equipment to varying degrees, and even pose a threat to the personal safety of the staff, seriously affecting the continuous and safe operation of production. In order to avoid the occurrence of large boiling accidents, the oxygen blowing pipe is still used to blow oxygen into the furnace

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