Ultrafine polyamide fiber, and melt-pinning method and device therefor

Abstract

This ultrafine polyamide fiber is a polyamide fiber having a single-filament fineness of 0.10-0.50 dtex, in which the average number of fluffs per 12,000 m of the length of the filaments is 1.0 or less. The melt-spinning method of the invention for producing the ultrafine polyamide fiber comprises: cooling melt-spun filaments discharged from a spinneret having orifices annularly disposed in the peripheral part of the spinneret, using a cooler (3) which is located under the center of the spinneret and which blows cooling air against the melt-spun filaments ejected from the orifices, from inside or outside the melt-spun filaments to cool the melt-spun filaments; oiling the filaments using an annular oiling device (4) that has a disk-shaped guide part which is located vertically under the cooler (3) and in which single filaments come into contact with the periphery of the disk and that has an annular slit for oil ejection which has been formed right over the guide part along the periphery of the guide; and then collecting the filaments and simultaneously performing second-stage oiling, by means of a collecting guide type oiling device (5).

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to ultra-fine polyamide fibers with extremely small monofilament fineness, and relates to high-quality polyamide ultra-fine fibers capable of imparting good softness, smoothness, drapability, high water absorption, high density, and dyed fabrics. fiber. Background technique [0002] Polyamide fibers are widely used for clothing and industrial materials because they have many favorable properties in terms of mechanical properties. In clothing applications, false twist processed yarn is widely used in textiles, knitted products, etc., and the production volume is also quite large. In particular, ultra-fine false-twisted processed yarn with a monofilament fineness of 1.2 dtex or less can obtain a very soft texture after being made into a fabric, and its heat retention and water absorption are also higher than those of ordinary false-twisted processed yarn with a monofilament fineness. high. As a result, the market demand f...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In ultra-fine polyamide fibers with a monofilament fineness of 0.5 dtex or less, the strength of each monofilament decreases, and the monofilaments rub against each other when the filaments are bundled, and the fiber before the oil is added has a large friction coefficient. unique problem

Therefore, monofilament breakage occurs due to rubbing of the monofilaments against each other, or rubbing of the monofilaments and the guide before adding the oil agent, or it is difficult to uniformly add the oil agent to the monofilaments of the inner layer of the bundled yarn. Because of the difference in the adhesion of oil and water between the filaments and the difference in the fiber structure between the filaments, the quality of the dyed yarn is degraded.

[0013] Furthermore, if the method described in Patent Document 4 is to be adopted, although it is better in terms of uniform oil addition between monofilaments, it is difficult to perform uniform oil addition in the fiber length direction, and oil adhesion and separation in the length direction occur. Poor, the structural difference of the fiber in the length direction or the dispersion of the friction coefficient becomes larger

Therefore, in the spinning process and high-order processing process, tension deviation occurs in the longitudinal direction due to rubbing against yarn guides, etc., and dyeing spots occur after dyeing, leaving a high-quality fabric that cannot be obtained. Shortcomings

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