Offshore nuclear emergency radiation monitor based on cylindrical buoy

Abstract

The invention provides an offshore nuclear emergency radiation monitor based on a cylindrical buoy. The offshore nuclear emergency radiation monitor comprises a radiation monitoring assembly, the buoy, a storage battery pack and an anchor system. The radiation monitoring assembly is composed of a radiometer and an energy spectrum probe. The buoy is of a cylindrical structure and is composed of a hood, an instrument bin and a battery bin, wherein the battery bin is located below the instrument bin. The radiometer is installed at the upper end of the instrument bin, the energy spectrum probe is installed at the lower end of the instrument bin, the storage battery pack is installed in the battery bin, and the anchor system is connected with the bottom end of the buoy. According to the offshore nuclear emergency radiation monitor, the cylindrical buoy serves as a carrying platform of the radiometer, through the design of the buoy, measurement according to the standard method which is nationally regulated can be achieved, and the accuracy of measuring data is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a marine nuclear emergency radiation monitor based on a circular cylindrical buoy, belonging to the technical field of nuclear emergency radiation monitoring. Background technique [0002] As a clean, safe and efficient energy source, nuclear power has drawn more and more attention from many countries in the world. In order to alleviate the shortage of energy supply, change the energy structure, and reduce environmental pollution, China began to build nuclear power plants in the 1980s. At present, 15 sets of nuclear power units have been put into commercial operation. Although nuclear power plants have relatively reliable safety, there is still the possibility of serious nuclear accidents, such as Three Mile Island in the United States (1979), Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union (1986) and Fukushima in Japan (2011). A serious nuclear accident is a negative example, and once a serious radioactive leak occurs in a nuclear power...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the existing offshore radiation monitoring technology has the following shortcomings: (1) The measurement method is incorrect, resulting in inaccurate measurement data

On-board measurement, especially when using large ships, the position (height) of the radiometer is far more than 1 meter, and the weakening of the radiation by the hull, cabin compartment and deck will cause errors in the measurement data

It is not only difficult and expensive to obtain the shielding weakening coefficient by using radioactive sources to test ships, but also technically difficult to achieve. Therefore, the existing technology cannot accurately monitor the level of gamma radiation in the ocean surface environment

(2) The speed of obtaining results is slow and cannot meet the requirements of emergency work

The existing technology mainly adopts the method of sampling seawater and sending it to a professional laboratory on land for analysis and testing, which requires many personnel, complicated procedures, and takes a long time. In the emergency response stage, it obviously cannot reflect the characteristics of "urgency"

(3) The technology integration is poor, and the monitoring data cannot be integrated in time

Since the existing technology measures the environmental gamma dose rate and obtains the seawater gamma energy spectrum data, it is carried out by different personnel in different places and using different instruments and equipment. This separate measurement technology provides timely fusion of monitoring data. application, timely provision of technical support to the emergency command organization has brought difficulties

The existing maritime emergency radiation monitoring technology cannot meet the rapid requirements in terms of data transmission methods

(4) It is difficult to achieve continuous and uninterrupted monitoring, and the situation of marine pollution cannot be reflected in time

Sending ships to carry out nuclear emergency radiation monitoring at sea is also affected by meteorological factors. In case of bad sea conditions, when the ships cannot go to sea, the monitoring work cannot be carried out.

(5) More resources are used, and service guarantee is difficult

Sending ships to implement nuclear emergency radiation monitoring at sea requires the provision of conditions by all relevant parties on land and on board. The investment in personnel, equipment, and funds is relatively large, the organization and coordination work is complicated, and the service guarantee is difficult.

Personnel and ships coming out of polluted areas should be decontaminated and decontaminated according to regulations, especially the decontamination of ships is not only a heavy workload, but also more difficult

The size of the ship is large and the number of cabins is large. It is difficult for ordinary ships to have protective measures to meet the airtight requirements. The decontamination work is very time-consuming and the procedure is very complicated.

(6) Increase the psychological burden on personnel, making it difficult to use in high-pollution areas

Sending personnel and ships to carry out nuclear emergency radiation monitoring at sea requires entering the contaminated area. Whether it is a professional monitoring personnel or a security personnel on board, there will be a heavy psychological burden, worrying about the impact of exposure on health, and this psychological state Existence, will adversely affect the monitoring work

To carry out nuclear emergency radiation monitoring at sea for a long time or multiple times, it is necessary to conduct health checks and dosimetric evaluations of relevant personnel. This work also requires the use of medical resources and has certain technical complexity, especially for severely polluted areas at sea. Monitoring, limited by the dose control of personnel, the existing technology cannot be implemented

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