A continuous pyrolysis carbonization device for agricultural and forestry biomass

Abstract

Provided is an apparatus for continuous pyrolysis carbonization of agricultural and forest biomass, comprising a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a carbonization device (8) and a heating device for heating the pyrolysis device and the carbonization device (8); said pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis furnace (26), a pyrolysis pipe (23) running throughout the pyrolysis furnace and a spiral conveyor (27) provided inside the pyrolysis pipe (23); an output end of the pyrolysis pipe (23) is connected to the carbonization device (8); and the carbonization device (8) comprises a housing and heat exchange tubes (9), and the heat exchange tubes (9) are arranged inside the housing. The apparatus can improve the biomass treatment efficiency, and finishes the pyrolysis carbonization quickly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biomass energy utilization, and in particular relates to a continuous pyrolysis and carbonization device for agricultural and forestry biomass. Background technique [0002] my country is rich in agricultural and forestry biomass resources, and the use of biomass energy has always been dominated by direct combustion, which not only has low thermal efficiency, but also is accompanied by a large amount of smoke and ash emissions, which seriously pollutes the environment. Through pyrolysis technology, biomass can be converted into semi-coke, combustible gas, tar and wood vinegar under high temperature and anoxic conditions. It is a clean and efficient biomass energy conversion technology, in which the pyrolysis reactor is A critical part of achieving conversions. At present, biomass pyrolysis reactors mainly include fixed bed, fluidized bed, rotary kiln, and spiral pyrolysis reactor. Advantages of the job. [0003]...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Patent application CN101486921A discloses a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization device with flexible screw conveying, and patent CN102226092A discloses a low-temperature pyrolysis and carbonization method for agricultural and forestry waste and its carbonization furnace device. The defect is: the carbonization process of biomass raw materials It is all completed in the spiral push feeding process. Due to the slow process and long time of the biomass carbonization reaction, it needs to stay in the pyrolysis tube for a sufficient time to fully carbonize the raw material, and the processing capacity of the spiral pyrolysis reactor is greatly limited. , it is difficult to improve the processing efficiency

[0004] Patent CN202530040U discloses a continuous biomass dry distillation and carbonization equipment. The equipment is composed of a feeding device, a combustion device, a drying device, a carbonization device and a discharge device. It is characterized in that the drying chamber and the carbonization chamber are equipped with one or more stages of drying In the drying tube or carbonization tube, the material is propelled by the screw conveying device in the drying tube and the carbonizing tube. For the biomass raw material with a long pyrolysis time, the device can only reduce the conveying speed of the screw conveying device in the drying tube and the pyrolysis tube. In order to complete the full pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass, at the same time, the structure of the multi-stage screw conveying device will lead to problems such as complex mechanism, high cost, and difficulty in matching between multi-stage screw conveying devices.

[0005] The above-mentioned continuous pyrolysis devices all use single-stage or multi-stage screw conveying devices to realize the continuous pyrolysis of biomass. For large-sized biomass raw materials that are difficult to pyrolyze, the problem of sufficient pyrolysis and carbonization can only be solved by reducing the conveying speed of the screw conveying device.

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