A movable tooth pdc drill bit

Abstract

The invention relates to a PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drill bit with movable teeth, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling tools. The PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit body. Main cutter wings, auxiliary cutter wings and spray nozzles are arranged on the drill bit body; the PDC cutting teeth are respectively mounted on the main cutter wings and the auxiliary cutter wings and comprise base barrels, bases, guide columns, guide column springs and base springs, and the bases are movably mounted in the base barrels via the base springs; guide holes are transversely formed in the middles of the bases, the guide column springs are arranged in the guide holes, and the corresponding guide columns are arranged in the guide holes and are positioned at two ends of each guide column spring; the bases are slidably connected with the base barrels under the matching effects of the guide columns and guide grooves. The PDC drill bit has the advantages that the service life of the drill bit can be prolonged, the frequency of pulling out of holes can be reduced, and the problem of malfunction of existing drill bits due to severe abrasion and particularly abnormal abrasion of cutting teeth of the existing drill bits can be solved; the problem of short service lives of the existing drill bits can be solved, and requirements of special-shaped drilled wells with nonstandard sizes can be met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a movable tooth PDC drill bit, which belongs to the technical field of oil and natural gas drilling tools. Background technique [0002] PDC drill bit is a kind of drill bit used for underground drilling of geothermal wells, oil and natural gas wells, and geological drilling wells, which was developed abroad in the mid-1970s. These drills use synthetic diamond composite cutters to drill in a cutting manner, and can achieve higher economic benefits than using roller cone bits and drag bits in soft to medium-level formations. [0003] Since the development of polycrystalline diamond compacts by General Electric Company in 1974, PDC drill bits have developed rapidly. In the late 1970s, PDC drill bits began to be used in field experiments in oil fields. The structure and design were modified through field experiments in oil fields, and materials were continuously improved. and processing technology. In the early 1980s, PDC drill ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] (2) Slim hole drilling: the roller cone bit is less than 165.1mm (6 1 / 2 in) borehole drilling limits bearing capacity

[0012] Although PDC bits have been widely used in drilling development, the use of some PDC bits shows that the service life of some PDC bits is relatively low. The main reason is that the cutting teeth of the composite sheet are severely worn, especially abnormal wear, such as tooth chipping and polycrystalline gold layer falling off , chip drop, and tooth column erosion cause the drill bit to be damaged in advance, so that the drill bit does not work normally; at the same time, the PDC bit adopts a forced balance design in the design, and strives to make the force, cutting amount, wear amount, and force of each composite piece The flushing force and torque should be as equal as possible, so once a cutting tooth is lost in advance, the remaining cutting teeth will bear additional force, which will accelerate wear and greatly reduce the service life of the drill bit

Images