Multi-stage regenerative refrigerator with flow-blocking acoustic work transfer components

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage heat-regeneration refrigerator with acoustic power transmission components capable of stopping flow. Acoustic power transmission components capable of stopping flow are arranged at the joints of sub-heat regenerators of the multistage heat-regeneration refrigerator in different working temperature regions to isolate the sub-heat regenerators of the multistage heat-regeneration refrigerator, so that no mass exchange occurs; according to the working temperature regions of the sub-heat regenerators, the existing method is adopted by experiment testing or numerical simulation to determine the corresponding optimal inflation pressure; and meanwhile, since the component is elastic and can implement nearly non-destructive high-efficiency transmission on the acoustic power from the compressor, any temperature region of the sub-heat regenerators of the multistage heat-regeneration refrigerator operates under the optimal working condition, so that the whole heat regenerator operates at wider temperature region (such as 4-300K) and has higher efficiency. The multistage heat-regeneration refrigerator has more compact structure.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a regenerative cryogenic refrigerator, in particular to a multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator and a Stirling / pulse tube composite refrigerator with flow-blocking acoustic power transmission components. Background technique [0002] Regenerative cryogenic refrigeration technology plays an indispensable and important role in the fields of national defense, military, energy, medical, aerospace, low temperature physics and so on. Among them, the regenerator is the key to regenerative low-temperature refrigeration technology. The current regenerative refrigeration technology is relatively mature in the temperature range of 80K, but for the temperature range below 20K, the current regenerative refrigeration technology has low efficiency and complex structure. [0003] The pulse tube refrigerator was proposed by Gifford and Longsworth in 1964. It has no moving parts at the cold end and has the potential advantages of high reliability ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the way of thermal coupling can make the stages operate independently in the best working condition of each other, due to the existence of multi-stage regenerators (for example, the two-stage pulse tube refrigerator adopts the thermal coupling method, there are three-stage regenerators, respectively pre-cooling stage regenerator, low-temperature stage pre-cooling section regenerator and low-temperature stage regenerator, wherein the pre-cooling stage regenerator and low-temperature stage pre-cooling section regenerator work at the same temperature), compared with the gas coupling method , which has a large regenerator loss, and the thermal bridge between the pre-cooling stage and the low-temperature stage needs to conduct heat conduction, and the existence of thermal resistance further reduces its efficiency

[0007] For the gas-coupled method, although the number of regenerator sections is small, because the regenerator has different optimal operating pressures in different temperature zones, and the gas-coupled regenerator can only work at one inflation pressure, resulting in The performance of the regenerator in the high temperature section and the regenerator in the low temperature section cannot be balanced, resulting in the inefficiency of the gas-coupled regenerative refrigerator

[0008] Figure 5 It shows the optimal operating pressure at different cold end temperatures (80K, 35K, 4K). It can be seen from the figure that for the temperatures of 80K, 35K, and 4K, the corresponding optimal operating pressures are 3MPa, 1.5MPa, and 1Mpa respectively. As mentioned above, the optimal operating pressure is different between different temperature zones. The gas coupling method makes the regenerator can only choose one inflation pressure in the whole temperature zone, and often chooses the regenerator in the low temperature section, which leads to the failure of the regenerator in the high temperature section. A large deviation from the optimal operating conditions, resulting in extremely low efficiency of the regenerative refrigeration method in the cryogenic temperature zone

[0009] Although the current gas coupling method is not efficient, it reduces the loss of the regenerator due to the small number of regenerator sections, and at the same time reduces the thermal resistance of precooling due to the internal precooling method, making it a This is a very promising coupling method for deep-low temperature regenerative refrigerators. The key technical problem is how to realize the coupling between the charging pressure and the working temperature in the entire temperature range.

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