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Drill bit, drilling tool and local underbalanced drilling method

A drill bit and drilling fluid technology, applied in wellbore/well components, earthwork drilling, wellbore flushing, etc., can solve problems such as unusable high-pressure and high-permeability formations, stuck drill, downhole explosion, etc., and achieve wellbore out of control Low risk, increased ROP, and wellbore stability

Active Publication Date: 2017-08-25
HISPEED WUHAN PETROLEUM TECH CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0011] (2) Downhole explosion, stuck pipe, corrosion, etc. will occur
[0012] (3) The risk of wellbore loss of control is high, so it cannot be used in high-pressure and high-permeability formations, especially high-pressure gas wells
[0013] (4) Huge and complex ground-specific equipment is required, with poor manufacturability and high cost

Method used

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  • Drill bit, drilling tool and local underbalanced drilling method
  • Drill bit, drilling tool and local underbalanced drilling method
  • Drill bit, drilling tool and local underbalanced drilling method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0067] This embodiment relates to a drill bit 1, comprising a housing 101, a plurality of high-pressure nozzles 108 and at least one water eye nozzle 109 are arranged at the bottom of the housing 101, and a plurality of high-pressure nozzles 108 are arranged in a ring and each of the water eye nozzles 109 is surrounded inside; the housing 101 is provided with:

[0068] A bypass channel mechanism for delivering drilling fluid to each of the high-pressure nozzles 108;

[0069] An intermediate channel mechanism for delivering drilling fluid to each of the water eye nozzles 109;

[0070] A pressurization mechanism for periodically causing the drilling fluid entering the inner cavity of the casing 101 to generate water hammer pressurization;

[0071] A flow channel control mechanism for introducing drilling fluid pressurized to a preset pressure by the booster mechanism into the bypass flow channel mechanism and drilling fluid with a pressure lower than the preset pressure into th...

Embodiment 2

[0077] Such as Figure 1-Figure 5 , The embodiment of the present invention provides a drill bit, including a housing 101 , and the inner cavity of the housing 101 is provided with a water connection 102 , an upper valve plate 103 , a lower valve plate 104 , a lower valve seat 106 and a reset mechanism 105 . The water joint 102 adopts the water joint commonly used in drilling tools, and its central axis coincides with the central axis of the housing 101. It has an inner cavity and an open lower end, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 101. An annular space is formed between the bodies 101 for the circulation of drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid can enter the inner cavity of the water connection 102 through a plurality of water holes provided on the water connection 102 . The lower valve seat is located below the water connection 102, which includes a plunger 106 embedded in the inner cavity of the housing 101, that is, the outer diamet...

Embodiment 3

[0088] Such as Image 6 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a drill bit 1 whose structure is basically the same as that of the drill bit 1 provided in the second embodiment, except for the structure of the lower valve seat 106 . In this embodiment, the lower valve seat 106 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the housing 101, and the fixed connection method is preferably a screw connection, so as to facilitate disassembly, replacement and maintenance; The flow channel communicates with each water eye nozzle 109 ; the bypass flow channel mechanism 107 is arranged in the wall of the housing 101 , and its inlet end is located above the lower valve seat 106 and communicates with the inner cavity of the housing 101 .

[0089] In this embodiment, the bypass channel mechanism 107 is in a normally open state, and the above-mentioned lower valve seat 106 and the lower valve plate 104 constitute the above-mentioned flow channel control mechanism. In the initial st...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a drill bit, a drilling tool provided with the drill bit and a drilling method for realizing partial underbalance drilling by adopting the drilling tool. Annular high-speed jet flow is formed by periodically spraying high-pressure drilling liquid through a high-pressure nozzle arranged at the bottom of the drill bit; and a water hole nozzle is used for spraying drilling liquid which is at a relative negative pressure state, and a negative-pressure region is formed in high-pressure annular jet flow, so that a partial underbalance state is periodically formed at the shaft bottom and rock burst is induced. Based on an underbalance drilling principle, the partial underbalance drilling is formed at the shaft bottom and well pressure above a partial underbalance region is greater than formation pressure; and a mechanical drilling speed is increased, the limitation of an underbalance drilling technology can be overcome, the safety of a drilling process and the smoothness of the drilling work are guaranteed, and the drilling efficiency and the production benefits are effectively improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering in petroleum and natural gas exploration and development, and in particular relates to a drill bit, a drilling tool equipped with the drill bit and a local underbalanced drilling method for drilling with the drilling tool. Background technique [0002] Drilling accounts for more than 50% of the cost of oil and gas development, which requires large investment and high risk. Improving drilling efficiency is the best way to reduce the cost of exploration and development, and it is also an important goal that oil companies, drilling contractors and technical service companies have always pursued. In the past two years, international oil prices have dropped significantly and competition has become increasingly fierce. Only by paying more attention to efficient drilling, reducing costs and increasing efficiency, and possessing core technologies can oil companies gain competitive advantages a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): E21B10/61E21B21/00
CPCE21B10/61E21B21/00E21B21/085
Inventor 魏小梅刘运荣
Owner HISPEED WUHAN PETROLEUM TECH CO LTD
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