A system and method for optical measurement of three-dimensional shape of large complex curved surface components

Abstract

The invention provides an optical measurement system and method for a three-dimensional shape of a large-scale complex curved surface member. The method is based on binocular optical grating projection measurement technologies, point cloud poses of all station positions during multiple station position measurement are obtained via a laser tracker and a corresponding target ball, point cloud obtained via the multiple station position measurement is converted to be under a unified laser tracker coordinate system according to corresponding pose data, and overall merging of point cloud data of a large-scale complex surface-shaped member can be realized; in the system, a six degree-of-freedom robot is used as a carrier for a point cloud space pose tracking unit and a binocular structured light measurement device, single station position measurement precision is ensured via calibration of the binocular structured light measurement device before measurement work starts, and data integrity and measurement efficiency are ensured via measurement route planning. Via the optical measurement system and method, all kinds of large-scale complex surface-shaped members can be accurately measured in non-contact conditions; practical, reliable and complete original three dimensional shape data can be provided for evaluation of all kinds of processing quality.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields of mechanical engineering and optical engineering, and in particular relates to an optical measurement system and method for acquiring the three-dimensional shape of a large complex curved surface component, in particular to an optical measurement system and method that combines binocular grating projection measurement, laser tracker and six-freedom A measurement system and method for large and complex curved surface components integrated with high-degree robots. Background technique [0002] In the key industrial fields of the national economy such as automobile, aviation, aerospace and shipbuilding, there are a large number of large complex surfaces, and the evaluation of the forming quality of these surfaces is very important to control the quality of the final product. For example, the forming quality of the front and rear covers of automobile bodies affects the assembly accuracy, the forming quality of...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] In the prior art, in the article "Large yacht hull measurement by integrating optical scanning with mechanical tracking-based methodologies" (Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing.28:592-601) by Alessandro of Italy, a robot equipped with grating projection measurement equipment It is fixed on the displacement platform, and multiple target balls are fixed on it, and the total station tracks the position of the target balls in the distance to realize data splicing; however, the system is relatively complicated, and the fixed placement of the target balls is easy to form occlusion, which leads to measurement fail

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