Breeding method of high-oleic-acid high-yield peanuts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of peanut breeding, and discloses a breeding method of high-oleic-acid high-yield peanuts. The breeding method comprises the following steps: selecting a high-yield peanut variety for serving as a female parent, selecting a high-linoleic-acid peanut variety for serving as a male parent, and hybridizing to obtain a generation F1; hybridizing a low-oleic-acid peanut variety serving as a female parent with the generation F1 to obtain a generation F2; selfing the generation F2 to obtain a generation F3; backcrossing the generation F3 serving as a male parent and the female parent of the high-yield peanut variety to obtain a generation F4-1; backcrossing the generation F3 serving as a female parent and the male parent of the high-oleic-acid peanut variety to obtain a generation F4-2; hybridizing the generation F4-2 serving as a female parent and the generation F4-1 serving as a male parent to obtain a generation F5; continually selfing the generation F5 by four generations to obtain a generation F9, namely, a new variety of the high-oleic-acid high-yield peanut. By adopting the breeding method, the linoleic acid content is taken as a peanut breeding index for the first time, so that a new peanut variety which has the characteristics of high yield, high oleic acid content, low linoleic acid content and short breeding period is bred.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of peanut breeding, and in particular relates to a high-oleic-acid high-yielding peanut breeding method. Background technique [0002] Peanut has always been one of the traditional crop varieties in my country, and it is also the main oil crop. Peanut seeds are rich in oleic acid and linoleic acid, which are rich in nutrition. Peanut pressed oil prepared from peanuts is a common edible oil for people. The traditional peanut breeding process is natural hybridization or self-crossing until new varieties are bred, but traditional peanut breeding is based on improving peanut production as a measure, and most new varieties are high-yielding varieties. [0003] Ordinary peanuts contain about 45% oleic acid and about 35% linoleic acid. Both oleic acid and linoleic acid are unsaturated fatty acids. Oleic acid is relatively stable, not easy to become rancid, and has high safety. It can be used as a new variety of hig...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the stability of linoleic acid is poor. Although peanut seeds contain antioxidant substances to prevent linoleic acid from oxidizing and corrupting, peanut kernels are eaten after the high-temperature season in summer, and most edible oils are heated at high temperatures. Linoleic acid is prone to oxidative rancidity. In severe cases It even endangers human health, so reducing the content of linoleic acid in new peanut varieties can also be used as an important indicator

[0004] Due to the long time and low efficiency of traditional hybrid breeding methods, the breeding process of each new variety and each new breeding method requires great effort and innovation