Central powder conveying-type expandable multi-beam laser cladding head and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to a matching device of laser processing equipment, and relates to a laser cladding head, in particular to a central powder conveying-type expandable multi-beam laser cladding head and the application thereof. The central powder conveying-type expandable multi-beam laser cladding head mainly comprises a main body frame, a powder conveying pipe and at least two laser output heads, wherein a central through hole vertically running through the top and the bottom of the main body frame is formed in the main body frame; the powder conveying pipe runs through the central through hole and is fixed to the main body frame; the laser output heads are circumferentially distributed at the top of the main body frame by taking the powder conveying pipe as a center; laser passages coaxial with laser beams are further formed in the main body frame in the directions of the laser beams; the center axes of the laser passages are coplanar with the center axis of the central through hole, and the inclined angle between two axes is an acute angle, so that the powder conveying pipe is enabled to be not positioned in a laser light path. The central powder conveying-type expandable multi-beam laser cladding head solves the problems that the conventional central powder conveying-type laser cladding head is complex in structure and low in laser energy utilization rate are solved; the central powder conveying-type expandable multi-beam laser cladding head can be applied to the field of general laser metal surface cladding, laser repairing, laser welding, rapid laser metal manufacturing and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a supporting device of laser processing equipment, and relates to a laser cladding head, in particular to a central powder feeding expandable multi-beam laser cladding head and its application. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding, also known as laser cladding or laser cladding, is a laser surface modification technique. The cladding material (metal powder) is placed on the surface of the cladding substrate in different feeding methods, and is irradiated by laser to melt it and a thin layer of the substrate surface at the same time, and form a very low dilution after rapid solidification, which is compatible with the substrate. It is a method of forming a metallurgically combined surface coating, which significantly improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties of the base layer surface, so as to achieve the purpose of surface modification or repair, ...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the following problems still exist: (1) The supporting ribs inside the cladding head are located in the beam path, which affects the beam transmission and causes part of the laser energy loss; (2) The powder feeding channel passes through the laser beam and enters the hollow light-free area, affecting Beam transmission causes part of the laser energy loss; (3) The reflective diffuser and reflective focusing components are difficult to process, and affected by their own reflectivity, part of the laser energy will be lost; (4) Due to the above reasons, the cladding head with this structure cannot For extra-high power (10,000 watts) laser cladding

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