Environment-friendly fertilizer-saving cultivation method for wheat through mulching film in dry land

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly fertilizer-saving cultivation method for wheat through mulching film in a dry land. According to fertilizer requirement characteristics, soil basic fertility and no-tillage film-remaining requirements of the wheat in the dry land, combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are conducted reasonably, wheat or corn straw is smashed by a straw pulverizer so as to obtain smashed straw which is then mixed with a straw decomposing agent evenly, and after the mixture is sprayed to the land, deep tillage is conducted so as to enable the mixture to be into soil; after a first-season crop is harvested, deep tillage for stubble ploughing and rain accommodating for moisture storage are conducted immediately, deep ploughing is conducted, and then soil crushing, land leveling and moisture removing are conducted; shallow tillage is conducted through a rotary tiller so as to level the land surface before film covering is performed,a whole-film soil-covered mode is adopted for white film, and a whole-film non-soil-covered mode is adopted for black film, wherein soil for covering the film must be fine loessal soil, and conventional PE film is selected for planed no-tillage multi-crop planting; seeds are sowed under the condition of sunny days on the basis of late sowing in a locally appropriate sowing period, the mulch filmis protected after the wheat is harvested, and weeding is conducted timely in an idle period; the method has the advantages that organic matter in the soil can be maintained, and it is ensured that topsoil does not deteriorate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and relates to a green and fertilizer-saving cultivation method for film-mulched wheat on dry land. Background technique [0002] Wheat is the most important food crop in dryland areas, and occupies an important position in regional food production. Plastic film mulching cultivation technology is the technical guarantee for stable and increased production of dryland wheat, and full film mulching soil hole-sowing cultivation technology is a typical representative of it. The technology integrates mulching suppression of steaming, membrane surface sowing hole rain collection and other technologies, and the effect of rain collection, moisture conservation, warming and production increase is extremely significant. In recent years, driven by the hole-sowing cultivation technology of wheat fully covered with soil, the yield of dryland wheat has increased by more than 40% compared with t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green fertilizer-saving cultivation method for dry-land plastic film wheat, which solves the problem of the decline of soil organic matter and the deterioration of the physical and chemical properties of plow layer soil caused by the long-term use of chemical fertilizers and polyethylene plastic film in large quantities in the existing dry-land wheat full-film-covered soil hole-sowing cultivation technology , farmland residual film pollution and low production efficiency and other issues