87results about How to "High spike rate" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of rice cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method suitable for no-tillage rice in a fixed compartment of an oil crop-medium rice field. The cultivation method comprises the following steps that: (1) rice seeds are coated by using dry-raised nurse, thick mud and dry fine soil serving as coating agents, wherein the components comprise 7.9 to 12.5 percent of dry-raised nurse, 25 to 26.3 percent of rice seeds, 12.5 to 13.2 percent of thick mud with 37 percent of water content and 50 to 52.6 percent of dry fine soil with 3 percent of water content in percentage by mass; the rice field is finished as required and the soil moisture is kept; and keeping the seedling age at 15 to 18 days; (2) the compartment width of the oil crop field is 1.2 meters, the width of the ditch is 0.3 meter, and the depth of the ditch is 0.25 meter; the rape seedlings are applied to the field; a ternary compound fertilizer of which pure nutrients comprise 15 percent of N, 15 percent of P2O5 and 15 percent of K2O is applied, and 30 kilograms of pure nitrogen is applied in each mu; 5.80 kilograms of zinc is applied in each mu; and 4.8 kilograms of boron fertilizer is applied in each mu, and the ditch is kept full of water; (3) rice seedlings with 50 to 100 grams of soil in each seedling in 15 to 18 days are directionally thrown according to a row space of 20 centimeters; and (4) the ditch is kept with water and the compartment surface has no water after throwing the seedlings till the heading stage, and dry and wet alternated cultivation is adopted from the grain filling stage to the maturation stage. Compared with the conventional method, the yield is averagely increased by 8.7 percent.

The invention relates to a hybrid wheat breeding method. The hybrid wheat breeding method comprises the following steps of parent selection and emasculation, generation-adding breeding and systematic selection. Through the hybrid wheat breeding method, novel hybrid wheat is obtained. The hybrid wheat breeding method has the advantages of simple processes, strong operability and high rate of emergence. A yield per mu of the novel hybrid wheat obtained by the hybrid wheat breeding method is improved by about 15%. The hybrid wheat obtained by the hybrid wheat breeding method has strong lodging resistance and disease resistance, good quality and a stable and high yield. A planting cost of the hybrid wheat obtained by the hybrid wheat breeding method is reduced in the case that a seed utilization amount per mu is saved by above 30%.

The invention relates to a technical method for high-efficient breeding of wheat, which comprises low-temperature vernalization, south breeding and generation adding, shuttle breeding, multi-point combined identification and the like. In particular, the technical method comprises the following steps of: treating the seeds obtained after the strong-winterness wheat blossoms for 15 to 20 days by hydrogen peroxide, washing the seeds by pure water, sprouting the seeds at the room temperature, putting the seedlings growing to 1 to 2 centimeters in an artificial weather room, performing the green-body vernalization of the seedlings for 45 and 50 days at a temperature of between 3 and 5 DEG C and a relative humidity of 70 percent and under a light intensity of 15001x; hardening the seedlings of the winter wheat undergoing the vernalization treatment at the normal temperature for 1 to 2 days, and transporting the seedlings to Yuanmou in Yunnan province; and preparing a rice seedling bed, watering and soaking the rice seedling bed, discharging visible water before transplanting, and transplanting the seedlings in mud at dusk. The disease resistance, stress resistance, adaptability and yieldstability selections of breeding materials are carried out by shuttle breeding and multi-point combined identification and the like. The technical method for breeding provides rich reserve of raw materials for the rapid improvement of the wheat variety, and also lays a sold foundation for demonstration and popularization of a new variety in large areas.

The invention discloses a paddy rice cultivation method of double-season mechanized straw returning to field. The method comprises following steps: mechanized crushing of straw returning to field, returning straw to fields, field growing management after returning straw to fields and disease and pest diseases control.The paddy rice cultivation method of double-season mechanized straw returning to field has following beneficial effects: through an original-position full-amount returning mode, resources of double-season early rice and late rice can be reasonably utilized; straw is circularly utilized on the spot and workload is decreased; in addition, environmental contamination and hardened and impervious soil caused by burning of straw are avoided so that soil is improved and fertility betterment is achieved reasonably and soil fertility is improved; fertilizer applying amount is reduced and soil quality is improved; and the method is beneficial for stable and high-yield of double-season early rice and late rice.

The present invention discloses breeding process of rice blast-resisting high quality and high yield round-grained rice variety Zhendao-10. The breeding process breeds rice variety featuring high resistance to rice blast, high quality and high yield. The breeding process includes the following steps: 1. hybridizing Zhendao-99 hybrid rice variety with early maturing, high yield and good taste as the female parent and Zhen-540 hybrid rice variety with excellent appearance quality as the male parent to obtain F1; and 2. selfing with the F1 for six generations to obtain the rice blast-resisting high quality and high yield round-grained rice variety Zhendao-10.

The invention discloses a rice field-upland field rotation method for achieving no-tillage double cropping of late rice in a spring maize field. The method comprises the steps of early-spring soil tillage and ditching and ditch making, spring maize variety selecting and sowing, spring maize field management, maize harvesting and straw treatment, late rice sowing and seedling raising, late rice seedling bed period management, late rice no-tillage pot seedling transplanting, fertilizer and water management of land for growing field crops and the like. By means of the rice field-upland field rotation method for achieving no-tillage double cropping of the late rice in the spring maize field, successful arranging of double cropping of spring maize and the late rice is achieved, the annual light and temperature resource use ratio is increased, the farming consumption time of crop change of the maize and the late rice is shortened, the mechanical input cost is reduced, the annual grain yield per mu is 1,300 kilograms or above, and the annual benefit per mu is significantly improved.

The invention discloses an efficient ecological organic phosphatic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of biological fertilizer production. The efficient ecological organic phosphatic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4-20 parts of soybean residue, 10-20 parts of dove excrement, 5-8 parts of rice bran, 15-20 parts of strains of propagation, 40-60 parts of ground phosphate rock, 10-15 parts of bone powder, 8-12 parts of biogas residue and 8-15 parts of peanut shell powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing materials; (2) adjusting the humidity; (3) sterilizing; (4) inoculating; (5) fermenting primarily; and (6) fermenting secondarily. The efficient ecological organic phosphatic fertilizer and the preparation method thereof have the characteristics that resource waste and environment pollution can be prevented effectively, and the local organic waste and pollutants of cultivation can be fully utilized; the produced fertilizer not only can supply phosphorus, but also can provide organic nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium elements and soil fertility, and can be applied to treating various organic waste and pollutants of cultivation; the produced efficient ecological organic phosphatic fertilizer can be used as a basic fertilizer for plantation of crops such as green seedlings, vegetables, fruit trees and the like.

The invention discloses a pollution-free paddy rice planting method. The method comprises the following steps: A, planting milk vetch as green manure in a rice field, and applying a basic manure, wherein 500-800 kg of the basic manure is applied to each mu of the rice field; B, after the rice field is subjected to exposure, performing rotary tillage, ridge separation, irrigation and rice transplanting; C, applying a compound fertilizer to seedlings after the seedlings are inserted; D, grazing 8-15 7-10-day-old ducks to each mu of the rice field after 15-20 days of rice transplanting, evicting the ducks from the rice field after 25-40 days, spraying a biological pesticide, draining for 7-10 days, topdressing 30-100 kg of the compound fertilizer used in the step C to each mu of the rice field, irrigating till the depth of water is 8-10 cm, grazing 5-10 7-10-day-old ducks to each mu of the rice field again, and evicting the ducks from the rice field before 15-20 days of rice mature. According to the pollution-free paddy rice planting method, the yield is high, pollution is avoided, produced rice tastes good, and meanwhile, high-quality duck is obtained.

The invention discloses a planting method for organic high-yield rice. The method comprises: planting broad beans in a rice field, after harvesting the broad beans, performing green manure dressing and retting, and applying base fertilizer; performing water-controlling harden-seedling on rice seedlings whose seedling age is 15-20 days for 2-3 days; performing rotary tillage, ridge dividing, irrigation on the rice field, and then transplanting rice seedlings; after the rice seedlings survive, dressing a compound fertilizer to promote rice seedling tiller; 13-18 days after rice transplanting, putting newly-hatched ducklings whose day-age is 12-20 in the rice field according to amount of 8-15 per mu, 25-40 days after putting the ducks in the rice field, driving the ducks out of the rice field, spraying biopesticide, performing field draining for 7-10 days, topdressing a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium composite fertilizer according to amount of 20-50 kg per mu, and then irrigating to 8-10 cm, and driving the ducks in the rice field, 15-20 days before the rice is mature, taking back the ducks, and cutting off water and drying the field. The planting method for organic high-yield rice is high in yield, and obtained rice is good in quality, and high-quality duck meat is obtained.

The invention discloses a method for planting high-yield organic rice by rice-duck integrated farming. The method comprises the steps of: planting astragalus sinicus in a rice field, carrying out green manuring and adding water for retting, and applying a base fertilizer in 10-25 days according to the amount of 800-1000 kg / mu; exposing the rice field to the sun, rotatably tilling the rice field, separating ridges and carrying out rice transplanting after irrigation; when the roots of the rice seedlings survive, applying a composite fertilizer according to the amount of 20-35 kg / mu; in 12-20 days after rice transplanting, putting in 10-15-day old ducks according to the amount of 5-10 ducks / mu; carrying out field draining in 10-15 days, and additionally applying the base fertilizer in A according to the amount of 100-300 kg / mu; then putting 7-10-day old ducks in the rice field when water is irrigated to 8-10 cm, wherein the inputting amount is 8-15 ducks / mu, taking the ducks back 10-15 days before the rice is mature, and drying the rice field after water-break. The method for planting high-yield organic rice by rice-duck integrated farming disclosed by the invention is high in yield, and the obtained rice is good in organic property, and meanwhile, high quality duck meat can be obtained, so that the economical benefit is improved.

The invention discloses a method for breeding and seed production of superior multi-resistance high-yield two-line hybrid rice. According to the method, superior rice-blast-resistant high combining ability photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile line-guangzhan 63S-4 is taken as a female parent to hybridize with a superior bacterial blight-resistant strong and excellent restorer line-zhenhui 832, thus obtaining the two-line hybrid rice-liangyou 832 with high quality, high rice blast and bacterial blight resistance and high yield. The rice cultivated by the method has the advantages of good comprehensive yielding ability, moderate maturation period, high quality, good commodification and strong stress resistance.

The invention discloses a breeding method of the japonica rice variety Zhendao No.12 characterized in good quality, good taste, rice blast resistance and high production. The rice bred by the method has the advantages of good quality, good taste, high commodity value; excellent disease resistance, good yield stability and fertility, coordinated grain structure, auto-regulation; good plant type and maturation appearance. The breeding method of the invention includes the following steps: (A) selecting the self-selected Zhenxiang 24 of the late-maturing middle japonica rice characterized in early mature period, high production, rice blast resistance and good taste as the female parent, crossbreeding with the strain Zhen 511 characterized in rice blast resistance, good quality and appearance and good taste and obtaining 60 grains of F0 seeds; (B) fry soaking, sprouting and seed sowing of the F0 seeds, multiple crossing with the Wuyujing No. 8 variety with high production but bad quality, self-breeding for eight generations and obtaining the japonica rice characterized in extra quality, good taste, rice blast resistance and high production, that is the Zhendao No.12.

The invention disclose a hybridizing and breeding method of dwarf lodging-resistant winter wheat with high photosynthetic efficiency of wheat and low seed charge and fertilizer feed. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out interspecific hybridization of varieties of Masutuo wheat and big heat wheat; selecting a 61-1 wheat strain from a hybrid generation as a cross parent; carrying out hybridization with Westmount wheat variety; then, selecting a 61-4 wheat strain from the hybrid generation of Westmount wheat variety and 61-1 wheat variety as the cross parent again; and carrying out hybridization with the wheat strain 84114 to obtain the dwarf winter wheat. The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that according to the hybridizing and breeding method of the dwarf winter wheat, the bred winter wheat is named as Yinong 61 wheat variety which has the advantages of late seeding time, quick mature, tiller productive in spring, high percentage of earbearing tiller, dwarf, more spikes, more grains, high thousand seed weight, excellent weak gluten, large leaf area, high photosynthetic efficiency and strong cold resistance and lodging resistance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice planting, and discloses an efficient cultivation method with mechanized ridge-cultured rice direct seeding. A mechanized ridge culture direct seeding technology is adopted, and has the advantages of being simple and easy to operate, saving fertilizer, pesticides and cost, and being efficient and easy to popularize compared with a traditional seeding raising transplanting method; the efficient management of water in the field is convenient, and the problems in traditional direct seeding of rice are effectively solved that the seedling emergence effect is poor and large-area promotion is difficult; the efficient management of the water in ridge culture effectively alleviates the contradiction of crop stubbles in a rice field-upland field rotation mode and prolongs the appropriate planting period of the crops; the mechanized ridge culture method is adopted to achieve full and efficient return of crop straw, thereby being conductive to increasing the soil organic matter content, improving the soil fertility and the soil sustainable utilization capacity, and improving the agricultural ecological environment; the mechanized ridge culture direct seeding method greatly improving the water storage and drought resistance abilities, wherein the rice can be planted on ridges, fish, ducks and the like can be raised in furrows, the cost oftraditional ditching and the like is greatly saved, and the planting benefits are increased.

The invention discloses a wide-narrow row combined with wide-narrow spacing hole-staggered planting method for rice. The planting method includes the following steps of raising rice seedlings, wherein a dry land is selected, and the rice seedlings with four leaves and one heart or five leaves and one heart are planted according to the seedling age requirement; compartment partitioning for transplanting, wherein the land is applied with base fertilizer and then harrowed two days before transplanting, a compartment partitioning device is used for compartment partitioning after land water is clarified, the seedlings are planted according to compartment partitioning marks, seedlings are planted in the land by the ratio of nine thousand and five hundred to ten thousand holes per mu, and two or three seedlings are planted in each hole in a spaced mode; performing formula fertilization; performing irrigation to promoting control; controlling diseases and pests. The wide-narrow row combined with wide-narrow spacing hole-staggered planting method for rice has the effect of double marginal advantages, and the grain setting number and the filled grain number of rice spikes are substantially increased; the ventilating and light penetrating effects are good, the solar energy use ratio is high, the rice seedlings are strong, tall and straight and grow vigorously, the tillering number per plant is large, stems are thick and strong, and disease and pest damage is relieved; a group and individuals coordinate, tillering capacity of per plant is high, the spikes are large, more grains are obtained, enough productive spike groups exist, the microclimate among plants is obviously improved, root systems are developed, the capacity for absorbing nutrients is improved, the spike rate per plant of rice is increased, and the yield increasing effect is remarkable.

The invention discloses a biological seedling strengthening agent capable of enhancing rice stress resistance and a preparation method of the seedling strengthening agent, and belongs to the technicalfield of agricultural production. The seedling strengthening agent comprises, by weight, 5-20 parts of biological bacterium agents, 5-40 parts of distillers' grains, 10-30 parts of urea, 2-10 parts of potassium magnesium sulfate, 6-15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.1-1 part of paclobutrazol and 0.1-1 part of naphthylacetic acid. Biological bacterium agent strains are streptomyces albus, and the collection number is CGMCC No.15117. The biological seedling strengthening agent is safer to use and cannot generate chemical injury. Low-temperature resistance of rice can be enhanced, normal growth of the rice cannot be affected by low temperature, the distillers' grains are changed into wealth, soil is adjusted by acidity of the biological seedling strengthening agent, and nutrition is provided for the rice by the aid of medium trace elements in the biological seedling strengthening agent.

The invention relates to a controlled-release fertilizer special for rice and produced by monosodium glutamate mother solution, belonging to the fertilizer special for rice. Bacillus licheniformis is used for fermenting the monosodium glutamate mother to produce gamma-PGA (polyglutamic acid), NH4<+>, and P and K with certain proportion are added as required by rice, therefore, the controlled-release fertilizer special for rice is produced. The controlled-release fertilizer special for rice has the effects that as the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is reasonable, the amount of the fertilizer can be reasonably controlled to be applied according to the yield of rice and the nutrients can be reasonably supplied in balance according to the requirements of the rice for the fertilizer in different growth periods, the rice can grow vigorously, the percentage of earbearing tiller is improved, the spikelet number per panicle is increased, the maturing rate is improved, and the yield is increased; besides, the production cost is reduced, the fertilizer is convenient to use and can achieve the effects of increasing yield and income and synergism, therefore, the controlled-release fertilizer is the ideal fertilizer for rice.

The invention mainly provides a method for breeding wheat resisting short-stalk powdery mildew, mainly comprising the following steps: carrying out the sexual hybridization with short stalk wheat as the maternal parent and Xi'an 8 wheat as the male parent to obtain an initial F generation; experimentally planting the cultured F generation under a severe environment, carrying out the purification, rejuvenation and sowing; carrying out the purification and rejuvenation again; using the remain seeds as the F1 generation; sowing the seeds of the F1 generation, and purifying and remaining the original strains of meeting the characteristics of the F1 generation through selective preference and rogueing; re-breeding till the strain being basically stable, separately planting seeds purified from various areas, and carrying out the mixed harvest; and planting the seeds of the mixed seeds of the mixed-harvest strain, and then purifying and rejuvenating again. The variety bred by the invention has good powdery-mildew resistance, is relatively light in the outbreak of banded sclerotial blight, and has better integral property; the variety is suitably and widely planted in the south areas of winter wheat in Yellow River and Huai River such as north Anhui Province, northwest Jiangshu Province, southwest Shandong Province, plain irrigation areas of Shanxi Province, North China plain, and the like.

The present invention discloses a breeding method of Zhendao 13 by step polymerization improvement technique, the rice bred by the method has the advantages of excellent quality, good taste, good rice marketability, outstanding disease resistance, good productivity and yield stability, harmonious ear-granule structure, self-adjusting ability, nice plant type and good maturing phase. The method described by the present invention comprises the following steps: A) selecting Japanese variety Guandong 135 as maternal plant to hybridize with Zhendao 2, obtaining Zhendao 72 after 4 generations inbred; B) selecting Japanese variety tsukinohikai as maternal plant to hybridize with Wuxiangjing 1, obtaining Zhendao 5088 after 4 generations inbred; C) selecting Zhendao 5088 as maternal plant to hybridize with Zhendao 72, obtaining 70 F0 seeds; D)seeding the F0 after seed soaking and pregermination, then selecting Wuyunjing 8 as maternal plant to perform multiple crossing, obtaining new rice variety namely Zhendao 13 having the advantages of high yield, good quality, stripe rust resistance and rice blast resistance.

The invention discloses an oryza sativa planting method. The method comprises five steps of field selection, seed selection, seedling cultivation, filed management and pest prevention and control, selected filed soaking, seed treatment, field water and fertilizer management and other links are controlled scientifically and reasonably, thereby greatly improving the emergence rate and transplantingsurvival rate of oryza sativa, the planted oryza sativa has good disease resistance, grows vigorously, has high panicle setting rate and has big panicles and multiple grains, the yield of unhusked rice is high and can reach 700-800 kilograms per mu, compared with a conventional planting method, the oryza sativa yield is improved by 30-35%, and the oryza sativa planting method has good economic benefits and is suitable for promotion and use.

The invention provides a growth regulating agent capable of improving hybrid rice seed production and sterile line seed reproduction yield. The growth regulating agent is prepared from the following components: 2,4-epibrassinolide, indole-3-acetic acid, zeatin and water, and the pH value is 5.8 to 6.5. By using the growth regulating agent provided by the invention, in hybrid rice seed production and sterile line seed reproduction, the productive tiller percentage of a sterile line can be improved, so as to increase the number of productive ear, floret degeneration can be reduced, so as to increase kernels per spike, grouting is promoted, so as to improve ripening rate and / or increase thousand seed weight, and finally the hybrid rice seed production yield and the sterile line seed reproduction yield are improved. The growth regulating agent is simple and easy in preparation method, is good in product stability, strong in efficiency, safe and reliable, free of side effect and is suitable for popularization and application in hybrid rice seed production.

The invention relates to a breeding method of a high-quality malting barley variety and belongs to the technical field plant breeding. The method includes: Yan barley No. 3 bred by Jiangsu Coastal Area Agricultural Science Research Institute is used as the female parent and Su malting barley No. 6 is used as the male parent to perform artificial hybridization matching, the Su malting barley No. 6is used as the male parent to perform backcross in 2009, and disease resistance, yield, agronomic characters and quality appearance selection is performed in multiple continuous generations to breed the new malting barley variety Yan 09085 which can product malts meeting the top-grade national standards and is high in yield level, moderate in maturing period, wide in applicability, excellent in comprehensive characters and suitable for being planted in Jiangsu coastal areas.

The invention discloses a half-drought type rice-ercai alternate culture method. The method specifically comprises the steps that medium-later mature rice and medium-early mature ercai are alternately planted, and wide-compartment and half-drought type water management is adopted. The superior medium-later mature indica type rice variety is adopted for the rice, and the rice is sown in the early of middle of March and harvested in later of middle of August. The superior medium-early mature variety is selected for earcai, the earcai is sown in the first ten-day period of September and harvested from the last ten days of December to February next year. According to the method, the problem of the soil barrier due to vegetable continuous cropping can be solved, the increasingly prominent grain and vegetable land contention contradiction is resolved, and supply guaranteeing and income increasing of a traditional planting industry are achieved; the paddy soil can be fertilized, and sustainable and efficient utilization of the paddy field is achieved; water and fertilizer can be efficiently coupled, and the threat of the high-temperature summer drought in the rain fed agricultural region in the upstream of Yangtze River to rice production is effectively relieved; the per unit area yield and the quality of rice and ercai can be obviously improved, and the income of the traditional planting industry can be greatly increased.

The invention discloses a method for breeding a perennial triticale-thinopyrum elongatum hybrid. The method comprises the following steps that 1, triticale I is bred out through wheat as a bridge material and the triticale I is hybridized with thinopyrum elongatum; 2, the thinopyrum elongatum subjected to hybridization is transplanted to a greenhouse in October; light is added at night in middle and late February; and when the thinopyrum elongatum flowers and flies pollen on April 25, orchid triticale I is obtained; 3, a triticale plant of the orchid triticale I is transplanted to a flowerpot and is subjected to heading; and when gynoecium stigmas develop fully, the triticale plant is transferred in thinopyrum elongatum and carries out open pollination to produce F0; 4, ears of the F0 are harvested according to combinations, dried in air, threshed and stored in early June; 5, triticale is hybridized with thinopyrum elongatum in early September to produce F0 seeds; the F0 seeds are subjected to accelerating germination to produce seedlings; and the seedlings are transplanted to screen houses in farmland in late September and are bred into F1 seedlings; 6, the F1 seedlings are transferred to a room and are subjected to chromosome reduplication; and 7, the F1 seedlings subjected to chromosome reduplication are transplanted to a greenhouse and are subjected to strengthened management, wherein the survived F1 seedlings are the perennial triticale-thinopyrum elongatum hybrids. The method can breed out a novel species of the perennial triticale-thinopyrum elongatum hybrid easy for hybridizing with common wheat.

The invention discloses a rice planting method with high percentage of earbearing tiller. The rice planting method comprises the following steps: a, selecting seeds, namely selecting a proper-planting, disease-resistant, lodging-resistant, strong-tillering large-ear and high-maturing-rate rice variety for further screening and treating; b, selecting a rice seedling field, namely, selecting the rice seedling field having the advantages of being convenient in traffic, smooth in irrigation and drainage, flat in terrain, sheltered from the wind, exposed to the sun, loose in texture, water-permeability, ventilating, and high in fertility; c, seed pretreatment namely, selecting proper weather within a week before sowing, drying seeds in sunlight for 8-12 hours, after seed drying is finished, placing the seeds in a seed screening liquid for screening, removing floating soil and the dust, screening mildewed and shrivelled seeds away, and reserving seeds with full grains. The rice planting method has the beneficial effects that by seed selecting in the earlier stage, the rice variety with high ear setting percentage is selected for planting, and reasonable cultivation, weeding treatment, quantitative fertilization and the accurate prevention and control of insect pests are assisted in the middle stage, so that the ear setting percentage of the rice is remarkably improved, the planting yield is improved, and the planting method is suitable for wide popularization.

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural cultivation and discloses a multi-point balanced high-yield water and fertilizer management method for paddy rice. In a cultivation process of the paddy rice, a manner of less irrigation and more exposure, a plurality of times of little fertilization and a plurality of times of slight field draining is adopted for a long period; a fertilization manner adopts a seedling hole fertilization manner; a group regulation and control manner adopts stable and balanced growth at a full growth period; the multi-point balanced high-yield water and fertilizer management method for the paddy rice specifically comprises the following steps: cultivating seedlings; carrying out transplanting management and transplanting; carrying out reviving stage management and reviving; carrying out jointing early-period management and carrying out jointing; carrying out heading stage management. By adopting the multi-point balanced high-yield water and fertilizer management method disclosed by the invention, early ripening and rapid sprouting of the paddy rice are facilitated; low-position tillering is accelerated, the ear-bearing tiller percentage is greatly improved and the effective ear quantity is increased; large ears are easy to form; the growth vigor of a paddy rice field is balanced and consistent, individuals are healthy and strong and groups are coordinated; the quality of the groups is greatly improved and the photosynthetic efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of lodging-resistant and high-yield wheat. The method includes the steps: planting the wheat on October 8-24; applying mechanical fertilizers to the wheatto serve as base fertilizers, and topdressing the mechanical fertilizers at a jointing stage; irrigating the wheat, and preventing diseases, insect pests and weeds. The planting density of the wheat is 120 thousand to 160 thousand basic seedlings per mu, irrigation is performed before the wheat is sown, field moisture is not lower than 70%, winter irrigation is performed after planting of the wheat, over-wintering water is sufficiently irrigated once, safety over-wintering is ensured, hazards of spring frost, late spring coldness and middle and late drought are prevented, and high and stable yield is achieved. The bred wheat has the advantages that young seedlings are half-procumbent, leaf blades are slightly wide and bottle green, growth vigor is strong, seedling-stage growth is steady, cold resistance is good, tillering ability is medium, ear bearing tiller rate is high, plant types are semi-compact, flag leaves are uplifted, spike layers are tidy, plants are high, stem elasticity isgood, lodging-resistant capability is high, spikes are rectangular, awns are long, shells and grains are white, grains are powdery and full, commodity nature is good, wheat yield per spike is high and the like.

The invention discloses a dwarf winter wheat hybridization breeding method and belongs to the field of wheat breeding. The dwarf winter wheat hybridization breeding method aims to solve the problem that the yield of wheat fluctuates greatly because of the influence of the natural environment change. The dwarf winter wheat hybridization breeding method comprises the steps that hybridization of Shannong No.15 and Jimai 22 is conducted, so that a filial generation F1 is obtained; dwarf wheat in the filial generation F1 is selected in a field, selfing of the dwarf wheat in the filial generation F1 is conducted, and then a filial generation F2 is obtained; dwarf wheat in the filial generation F2 is selected in a field to be used as a parent, the parent is hybridized with Tainong No.18, and then a filial generation F21 is obtained; dwarf wheat with more kernels per ear in the filial generation F21 is selected in a field, selfing of the dwarf wheat with more kernels per ear in the filial generation F21 is conducted, and then a filial generation F22 is obtained; dwarf wheat in the filial generation F22 is selected in a field, selfing of the finial generation of the dwarf wheat is conducted many times, and then dwarf winter wheat is obtained. The dwarf winter wheat hybridization breeding method has the advantages that the obtained dwarf winter wheat is high in earbearing tiller percentage, dwarf in stem, large in thousand seed weight and high in cold resistance and lodging resistance and bears a large number of ears and kernels.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency formulated fertilizer for wheat planted in low-yield Shajiang black soil in the Huaibei Plain. The formulated fertilizer comprises the following effective chemical elements by weight: in terms of pure nutrients, 12.0 to 22.0% of nitrogen, 6.0 to 12.0% of phosphorus, 5.0 to 15.0% of potassium, 2.0 to 6.0% of sulfur, 0.2 to 1.0% of zinc, 0.5 to 3.0% of manganese and 5.0 to 20.0% of a fertilizer nutrient synergist. The high-efficiency formulated fertilizer for wheat planted in low-yield Shajiang black soil in the Huaibei Plain has comprehensive nutrients and is reasonable in the proportioning of the nutrients; the high-efficiency formulated fertilizer accords with the fertility characteristics of low-yield Shajiang black soil in the Huaibei Plain and with the nutrient absorption rules of wheat, has high utilization rate and can obviously increase the contents of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients of Shajiang black soil; and the high-efficiency formulated fertilizer can improve soil fertility, promote wheat growth, improve grain output and protein content, reduce fertilization cost, increase the economic benefits of fertilization, enhance the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and reduce harmful influence on environment caused by unreasonable fertilization.

The invention relates to a method for creating a new germ plasm of a translocation line through anther culture of intergeneric hybrids between wheat and Leymus multicaulis. The method comprises the steps as follows: firstly, selecting basis material from filial generation of wheat and Leymus multicaulis; secondly, performing anther culture to filial generation of the basis material and a 'bridge variety'; thirdly, transplanting seedlings of anther culture plants; fourthly, accelerating generation advancement of natural doubling plants in a green house, and doubling haplobiont artificially; and fifthly, reaping pure seeds of the later generations of the anther culture plants, and planting and identifying the pure seeds to obtain the translocation line. In the invention, 'Shi 4185' and 'Jimai 38', which are taken as the female parent, serve as 'bridge variety' to be hybridized with the basis material; and through the optimization of culture medium and culture condition, the highest callus induction of callus reaches 45.4%, the differentiation rate is 92.7%, wherein the differentiation rate of green seedlings is 40%, the final yield of green seedlings is 26.3%, and the survival rate of transplantation is 94%. Under the premise of ensuring that effective selection population is obtained, excellent economical characters of the bridge variety is induced.