Test device and test method for simulating abrasion of cutters of shield machines

Abstract

The invention provides a test device and a test method for simulating abrasion of cutters of shield machines. The test device comprises a steel counterforce frame, a soil tank, a cutter device, a hydraulic system, a power and force transmission system and a sensing measuring system. The soil tank is filled with engineering in-situ soil which is already subjected to consolidation treatment, and soil pressure environments can be simulated by the aid of a group of curved-surface tank walls and the servo hydraulic system; the cutter device comprises a cutter, a cutter head and a hydraulic jack, the cutter head is supported by the hydraulic jack, and soil mass can be cut by the aid of the power and force transmission system in a reciprocating manner; the measuring system comprises a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor, pressure cells, a data acquisition instrument and a computer. The test device and the test method have the advantages that real environments of soil mass cut by the shield cutters can be simulated by the aid of the test device and the test method; the engineering site soil mass is directly cut, influence factors of the abrasion of the shield cutters are explored, and accordingly scientific bases can be provided to predicting abrasion loss of the cutters of the shield machines in different soil mass environments.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine tool testing, in particular to a test device and method for simulating wear of a shield machine tool. Background technique [0002] The wear and damage of the shield cutter will not only lead to slow tunneling, directly affect the excavation effect and work efficiency of the shield machine, but also cause the load on the adjacent cutter to increase and accelerate wear, and even lead to wear of the cutter head. Opening and changing tools may also lead to instability of the excavation surface due to pressure imbalance and endanger the personal safety of tool changers, thus having a significant negative impact on the engineering quality, economic benefits and construction safety of shield tunneling. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out indoor wear tests of shield cutters to achieve reasonable optimization of shield cutter configuration and accurate prediction of wear. [0003] However, the cu...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, the current prior art methods for predicting tool wear in shield tunneling are limited, especially the indoor wear test method is very immature

First of all, the shield tool will produce obvious wear only when cutting the soil with a long stroke, which is in contradiction with the limited space in the laboratory; secondly, the properties of the soil after cutting are very different from those before cutting, and it is not suitable for cyclic cutting. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the cutting tool continues to cut new soil; finally, most of the laboratory test devices for tool wear currently used are similar material test devices for simulating shield machine excavation, and similar materials are not only difficult to obtain a completely reasonable similarity ratio, but also have a similarity with the actual soil. There are great differences in composition, gradation, moisture content, etc.

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