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Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine

A salt lake brine and extraction agent technology, applied in the field of extraction chemistry, can solve the problems of high polarity, low solubility and increase of TBP density molecules

Active Publication Date: 2019-03-15
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Although the TBP-kerosene system has high extraction capacity and selectivity for lithium, there are also the following problems: (1) TBP swells and corrodes extraction equipment made of materials such as PVC and PP seriously, which not only shortens the service life of the equipment, but also shortens the service life of the equipment Macromolecular organic matter enters the extraction system, which affects the fluidity and phase separation of the extraction system; (2) TBP density (0.979g / mL) and molecular polarity are large, and its extract TBP·LiFeCl 4 and TBP·HFeCl 4 The density and molecular polarity of TBP are further increased, and the solubility in weakly polar kerosene (diluent) is small, and the third phase is easily formed during the extraction process, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the extraction process; (3) TBP is in acidic or alkaline In the aqueous solution, a hydrolysis reaction will occur, especially in the process of alkali neutralization and regeneration of the organic phase. Excessive local alkali will greatly accelerate the hydrolysis of TBP, resulting in more water-soluble monobutyl phosphate (MBP) and dibutyl phosphate (DBP )

Method used

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  • Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine
  • Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine
  • Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0100] Treat the salt lake brine of the composition shown in Table 1 according to the general method, wherein the extracted organic phase is a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctylamide and D70 solvent oil, and the volume fractions are 40% and 60% respectively; as shown in Table 1 Add FeCl to brine 3 Mix and dissolve and make Fe / Li=1.5 (molar ratio) as the extraction feed liquid; extraction O / A=2.0; washing O / A=30; stripping agent: 6mol / LHCl, stripping O / A=30; regeneration Agent: 0.5mol / L NaOH solution, regeneration O / A=20.

[0101] After extraction, the system was divided into three clear and transparent phases. The single-stage lithium extraction rate is 61.5%, and the single-stage lithium-magnesium separation coefficient (β Li / Mg ), lithium-sodium separation coefficient (β Li / Na ), lithium-potassium separation coefficient (β Li / K ) reached 285.3, 21.5, 37.7 respectively. After 6 stages of extraction, 5 stages of washing, and 5 stages of stripping, the recovery rate of lithium r...

Embodiment 2

[0103] Treat the salt lake brine with the composition shown in Table 1 according to the general method, wherein the extracted organic phase is a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctylamide, diisobutyl ketone, and D70 solvent oil, and the volume fractions are 40%, 20%, and 40%; add FeCl to the brine shown in Table 1 3 Mix and dissolve and make Fe / Li=1.5 (molar ratio) as the extraction feed liquid; extraction O / A=2.0; washing O / A=20; stripping agent: 6mol / L HCl, stripping O / A=30; Regenerant: 0.5mol / L NaOH solution, regeneration O / A=20.

[0104] After extraction, the system is divided into two clear and transparent phases without an intermediate phase (the third phase). The single-stage lithium extraction rate is 68.7%, and the single-stage lithium-magnesium separation coefficient (β Li / Mg ), lithium-sodium separation coefficient (β Li / Na ), lithium-potassium separation coefficient (β Li / K ) reached 310.8, 30.4, 46.5 respectively. After 5 stages of extraction, 4 stages of washing, and...

Embodiment 3

[0106]The salt lake brine of the composition shown in Table 1 is processed according to the general method, wherein the extracted organic phase is a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctylamide, diisobutyl ketone, and 260# aviation kerosene, and the volume fractions are 30%, 30% respectively. %, 40%; add FeCl to the brine shown in Table 1 3 Mix and dissolve and make Fe / Li=1.3 (molar ratio) as the extraction feed liquid; extraction O / A=1.0; washing O / A=30; stripping agent: 6mol / L HCl, stripping O / A=30; Regenerant: 0.3mol / L Na 2 CO 3 solution, regeneration O / A=20.

[0107] After extraction, the system was divided into two phases. The single-stage lithium extraction rate is 55.8%, and the single-stage lithium-magnesium separation coefficient (β Li / Mg ), lithium-sodium separation coefficient (β Li / Na ), lithium-potassium separation coefficient (β Li / K ) reached 280.2, 20.3, 40.5 respectively. After 7 stages of extraction, 5 stages of washing, and 5 stages of stripping, the recovery ra...

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a lithium extractant and a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine. The method utilizes N,N-dimethylalkylamide as a main extractant, and uses ketone as a phase modifier to extract lithium from salt lake brine, and the extractant has excellent lithium extraction ability and selectivity. In the use, it is not easy to form flocs which affect the extraction process, and the use of the phosphorus-containing extractant is avoided, which is more friendly to the environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of extraction chemistry, in particular to a lithium extractant and a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine. Background technique [0002] Lithium is an important strategic resource. In nature, lithium mainly occurs in solid minerals and liquid deposits. Among them, lithium resources in salt lake brine account for about 90% of the world's proven lithium resources. my country has abundant salt lake brine resources, mainly distributed in Qinghai, Tibet and other regions. The salt lake lithium resources in the Qaidam Basin in Qinghai are very rich, with LiCl reserves of about 2.8×10 7 t. This type of brine has two notable features: (1) high lithium content, up to 2-3g / L; (2) high ratio of magnesium to lithium, usually greater than 40 (mass ratio). Due to the very similar chemical properties of lithium and magnesium, conventional methods are difficult to extract lithium from high-magnesium-lithium ratio sa...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B3/28C22B26/12
CPCC22B26/12C22B3/32Y02P10/20
Inventor 李林艳李湘兰李晓宏
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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