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Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine

A salt lake brine and extraction agent technology, applied in the field of extraction chemistry, can solve problems affecting the fluidity and phase separation of the extraction system, low solubility, and shortening the service life of equipment

Active Publication Date: 2020-09-29
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Although the TBP-kerosene system has high extraction capacity and selectivity for lithium, there are also the following problems: (1) TBP swells and corrodes extraction equipment made of materials such as PVC and PP seriously, which not only shortens the service life of the equipment, but also shortens the service life of the equipment Macromolecular organic matter enters the extraction system, which affects the fluidity and phase separation of the extraction system; (2) TBP density (0.979g / mL) and molecular polarity are large, and its extract TBP·LiFeCl 4 and TBP·HFeCl 4 The density and molecular polarity of TBP are further increased, and the solubility in weakly polar kerosene (diluent) is small, and the third phase is easily formed during the extraction process, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the extraction process; (3) TBP is in acidic or alkaline In the aqueous solution, a hydrolysis reaction will occur, especially in the process of alkali neutralization and regeneration of the organic phase. Excessive local alkali will greatly accelerate the hydrolysis of TBP, resulting in more water-soluble monobutyl phosphate (MBP) and dibutyl phosphate (DBP )

Method used

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  • Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine
  • Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine
  • Lithium extractant and method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0100] Treat the salt lake brine with the composition shown in Table 1 according to the general method, in which the extracted organic phase is a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctylamide and D70 solvent oil, with volume fractions of 40% and 60%, respectively; as shown in Table 1 FeCl added to brine 3 Mix and dissolve and make Fe / Li=1.5 (molar ratio) as the extracting liquid; extraction O / A=2.0; washing O / A=30; stripping agent: 6mol / L HCl, stripping O / A=30; regeneration Reagent: 0.5mol / L NaOH solution, regeneration O / A=20.

[0101] After extraction, the system is divided into three clear and transparent phases. The single-stage lithium extraction rate is 61.5%, and the single-stage lithium-magnesium separation coefficient (β Li / Mg ), lithium sodium separation coefficient (β Li / Na ), lithium potassium separation coefficient (β Li / K ) Reached 285.3, 21.5 and 37.7 respectively. After 6 levels of extraction, 5 levels of washing, 5 levels of back extraction, the recovery rate of lithium i...

Embodiment 2

[0103] The salt lake brine with the composition shown in Table 1 was treated according to the general method, in which the extracted organic phase was a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctylamide, diisobutyl ketone, and D70 solvent oil, and the volume fractions were 40%, 20%, 40%; FeCl is added to the brine shown in Table 1 3 Mix and dissolve and make Fe / Li=1.5 (molar ratio) as the extracting liquid; extraction O / A=2.0; washing O / A=20; stripping agent: 6mol / L HCl, stripping O / A=30; Regeneration agent: 0.5mol / L NaOH solution, regeneration O / A=20.

[0104] After extraction, the system is divided into two clear and transparent phases without an intermediate phase (third phase). The single-stage lithium extraction rate is 68.7%, and the single-stage lithium-magnesium separation coefficient (β Li / Mg ), lithium sodium separation coefficient (β Li / Na ), lithium potassium separation coefficient (β Li / K ) Reached 310.8, 30.4 and 46.5 respectively. After 5 levels of extraction, 4 levels of wash...

Embodiment 3

[0106] Treat the salt lake brine with the composition shown in Table 1 according to the general method, in which the extracted organic phase is a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctylamide, diisobutyl ketone, and 260# aviation kerosene, with volume fractions of 30% and 30% respectively. %, 40%; Add FeCl to the brine shown in Table 1 3 Mix and dissolve and make Fe / Li=1.3 (molar ratio) as the extracting liquid; extraction O / A=1.0; washing O / A=30; stripping agent: 6mol / L HCl, stripping O / A=30; Regenerant: 0.3mol / L Na 2 CO 3 Solution, regeneration O / A=20.

[0107] After extraction, the system is divided into two phases. The single-stage lithium extraction rate is 55.8%, and the single-stage lithium-magnesium separation coefficient (β Li / Mg ), lithium sodium separation coefficient (β Li / Na ), lithium potassium separation coefficient (β Li / K ) Reached 280.2, 20.3, and 40.5 respectively. After 7 levels of extraction, 5 levels of washing, 5 levels of back extraction, the recovery rate of lith...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium extraction agent and a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine. Among them, this method uses N,N-dimethylalkylamide as the main extractant and ketone as a phase modifier to extract lithium from salt lake brine. This type of extractant has excellent lithium extraction ability and selectivity. , It is not easy to form flocs that affect the extraction process during use, and avoids the use of phosphorus-containing extractants, which is more friendly to the environment.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of extraction chemistry, in particular to a lithium extractant and a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine. Background technique [0002] Lithium is an important strategic resource. In nature, lithium is mainly found in solid minerals and liquid deposits. Among them, the lithium resources in salt lake brines account for about 90% of the world's proven lithium resources. my country has abundant salt lake brine resources, mainly distributed in Qinghai, Tibet and other regions. The salt lake in Qaidam Basin in Qinghai is very rich in lithium resources, with LiCl reserves of about 2.8×10 7 t. This type of brine has two notable characteristics: (1) the lithium content is high, reaching 2 to 3 g / L; (2) the magnesium-lithium ratio is very high, usually greater than 40 (mass ratio). Because the chemical properties of lithium and magnesium are very similar, it is difficult for conventional methods to extract lithium...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B3/28C22B26/12
CPCC22B26/12C22B3/32Y02P10/20
Inventor 李林艳李湘兰李晓宏
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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