A skin-core composite high-shrinkage polyester staple fiber and its preparation method

Abstract

A skin-core composite high-shrinkage polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof. The dried high-shrinkage polyester chips are used as the cortex, and the dried conventional polyester chips are used as the core layer. The mass ratio of the skin layer and the core layer is 3: 7~4:6, the skin layer component and the core layer component are extruded and melted in their respective screw extruders to form a melt, and then the two-component skin-core structure is made by spinning, cooling by surrounding air, winding and molding Fiber precursors; then the precursors are processed into post-spinning bunching, primary drafting, secondary drafting, stacking, crimping, oiling, drying, and cutting to make high-shrinkage polyester staple fibers with a skin-core structure. The shrinkage rate of the high-shrinkage polyester fiber prepared by the invention reaches 65%±5%, and the process is simple and smooth, the process flow is controllable, raw and auxiliary materials can also be saved by 10%-15%, and the cost and economic advantages are obvious.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester staple fiber preparation, and in particular relates to a skin-core composite high-shrinkage polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] High-shrinkage polyester staple fiber is a polyester staple fiber with a potential high boiling water shrinkage rate. Generally, polyester staple fibers with a boiling water shrinkage rate of not less than 35% are called high-shrinkage polyester staple fibers. It can be combined with low shrinkage Or non-shrinkage fibers are blended into yarns, and then boiled in a state of no tension, etc. At this time, the high-shrinkage polyester staple fibers in the yarn complete immediate shrinkage, and other low-shrinkage or non-shrinkage fibers are significantly affected by the presence of high-shrinkage polyester fibers. The difference in shrinkage rate makes the yarn curl into loops, making the yarn fluffy and round like wool y...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In the present invention, high-shrinkage polyester chips are used as cortex raw materials, conventional polyester chips are used as core layer raw materials, and composite spinning equipment is used to compound the skin and core according to a certain ratio to prepare high-shrinkage polyester staple fibers, so that the prepared fibers overcome the traditional The boiling water shrinkage of the high-shrinkage polyester staple fiber prepared by the all-physical method decreases significantly with the increase of storage time, and the fiber cannot complete shrinkage in boiling water immediately, and it is difficult to stably prepare polyester staple fibers with a boiling water shrinkage of more than 55.0%. The quality of the high-shrinkage polyester staple fiber prepared by the traditional chemical-physical modification method, and the cost of fiber raw materials can be significantly reduced compared with the traditional chemical-physical modification method, and the competitiveness of the product can be significantly improved