Water-jet guided laser processing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-jet guided laser processing device and method. A beam propagation coupling unit of the water-jet guided laser processing device comprises a laser head, and a rotating sleeve, a water inlet cavity, a middle cavity and a coupling block which are connected; the upper part of the laser head is screwed in the rotating sleeve coaxially, and the lower part of the laser head is arranged in the water inlet cavity and the middle cavity, and corresponds to a liquid layer cavity formed in the coupling block; the part, in the lower part of the laser head, of the bottom of abeam transformation cavity is provided with a self-focusing lens and a spherical lens; the spherical lens is relative to a nozzle arranged on the coupling block through the liquid layer cavity; and high pressure water output from a high pressure liquid supply unit of the water-jet guided laser processing device is converged into the liquid layer cavity after being divided through the water inlet cavity, the middle cavity and the coupling block; a worktable unit of the water-jet guided laser processing device is arranged below the nozzle, and comprises a three-axis linkage worktable; and a clamping and fixing bedplate of a workpiece is arranged on the worktable through a water tank, and the water tank communicates with a high pressure liquid supply module through a return pipe. According tothe water-jet guided laser processing device, the beam propagation stability is improved, and the difficulty in regulation of coupling focusing beam to water-jet fibers is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a water-conducting laser processing device, in particular to a water-conducting laser processing device and method. Background technique [0002] The water-guided laser processing method is to focus the laser on the inside of the thin water beam. When the focused beam meets the critical angle of total reflection of the water beam fiber, the laser will be totally reflected inside the water beam and propagate along the water beam fiber to the surface of the workpiece to be processed. While the laser ablates the surface of the workpiece, the fine water beam impacts the workpiece to remove the material and complete the cutting process. [0003] In the process of water-guided laser processing, the water beam fiber formed by the laser and the thin water beam is very small, which does not require real-time focusing due to the divergence of the traditional laser beam, which improves the depth of the processed workpiece; in addition, th...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Obviously, in the field of precision machining, many excellent characteristics of water-guided laser processing make it have great application prospects, but the existing water-guided laser processing device has an obvious defect: the laser is focused by the focusing lens and coupled with the water beam. Difficulties limit the industrial application of this technology

[0005] In the existing water-guided laser technology, the light beam is focused to the nozzle port through the focusing lens and the water layer in the water chamber for optical fiber coupling of the water beam. The calculation and adjustment during the focusing process is complicated, and the quality of the focused beam is poor, which reduces the coupling efficiency, which makes it difficult to adjust the coupling. A slight deviation between the center of the beam and the nozzle will burn the nozzle. On the one hand, the coupling transmission will fail. The nozzle becomes a consumable part, which limits the promotion and industrial application of water-guided laser technology

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