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Microwave-surfactant-assisted method for extracting ammonium perchlorate from scrap htpb propellant

A surfactant and assisted extraction technology, which is applied in the field of recycling waste propellant components, can solve problems such as health damage, poor swelling of propellants, and unstable chemical properties

Active Publication Date: 2020-10-23
中国人民解放军32181部队
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are the following deficiencies: one is that the swelling property of water to the propellant is very poor, and the extraction rate is low; 3 Such as extremely volatile, highly toxic, chemically unstable, easily photochemical substances, and even carcinogenic substances, which are extremely harmful to health

Method used

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  • Microwave-surfactant-assisted method for extracting ammonium perchlorate from scrap htpb propellant
  • Microwave-surfactant-assisted method for extracting ammonium perchlorate from scrap htpb propellant

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] The method for microwave-surfactant-assisted extraction of ammonium perchlorate in the scrapped HTPB propellant comprises the following steps:

[0027] (1) Breaking and cleaning: Safely break the HTPB propellant. The initial size of the broken propellant sample is 10mm×5mm×3mm; put 5g of propellant in a conical flask, add petroleum ether, soak for 3 minutes, and ultrasonic power Wash at 720W for 3 minutes and wash 3 times.

[0028] (2) Swelling: After cleaning, 5g of propellant was soaked and swelled for 24 hours in 90ml of a mixed solution of water: absolute ethanol: petroleum ether with a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and the solution temperature was 33°C. Then filter with suction, and wash the swollen propellant particles with distilled water.

[0029] (3) Extraction: Add distilled water to the swollen propellant, the mass ratio (solid-liquid ratio) of propellant to distilled water is 1:12, add dodecyl trimethyl bromide accounting for 2% of distilled water mass fraction A...

Embodiment 2

[0034] The method for microwave-surfactant-assisted extraction of ammonium perchlorate in the scrapped HTPB propellant comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) Breaking and cleaning: The four-component HTPB propellant is safely broken, and the size of the broken propellant sample is less than 4mm. Put 10g of propellant in the Erlenmeyer flask, add petroleum ether, soak for 3 minutes, and wash with ultrasonic power of 720W for 3 minutes, 3 times.

[0036] (2) Swelling: After cleaning, the propellant is soaked and swelled for 10 hours in 180ml of a mixed solution of water: absolute ethanol: petroleum ether with a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and the temperature of the solution is 41°C. Then filter with suction, and wash the swollen propellant particles with distilled water.

[0037] (3) Extraction: add distilled water to the swollen propellant, the mass ratio (solid-liquid ratio) of propellant to distilled water is 1:10, add dodecyl trimethyl bromide which accounts for 1.5% of dis...

Embodiment 3

[0046] The method for microwave-surfactant-assisted extraction of ammonium perchlorate in the scrapped HTPB propellant comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Breaking and cleaning: Safely break the four-component HTPB propellant, and the size of the broken propellant sample is less than 4mm; put 5g of propellant in a conical flask, add petroleum ether, soak for 3 minutes, and the ultrasonic power is 720W Wash for 3 minutes, wash 3 times.

[0048] (2) Swelling: After cleaning, the propellant is soaked and swelled for 12 hours in 90ml of a mixed solution of water: absolute ethanol: petroleum ether with a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and the temperature of the solution is 48°C. Then filter with suction, and wash the swollen propellant particles with distilled water.

[0049] (3) Extraction: Add distilled water to the swollen propellant, the mass ratio (solid-liquid ratio) of propellant to distilled water is 1:15, and add dodecyl trimethyl bromide accounting for 1% of distilled wa...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting ammonium perchlorate in a scraped HTPB propellant by assistance of a microwave-surfactant and relates to the technical field of component recovery of scrapped propellants. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, breaking the propellant; secondly, putting the propellant into a mixed solution of water, absolute ethyl alcohol and petroleum ether in a volume ratio of 1 to 1 to 1, soaking and swelling at the temperature of 33 to 48 DEG C for 10 to 24 hours and then carrying out suction filtration; thirdly, adding distilled water into the propellant, wherein the mass ratio of the propellant to the distilled water is 1 to (10 to 15), adding dodecyltrimethylammonium accounting for 1 to 2 weight percent of the distilled water, stirring, then putting a mixture into a microwave reactor with microwave power of 400 to 800 W, extracting for 30 to 50 S, and carrying out suction filtration in a hot state; fourthly, combining swollen filtrate with extracted filtrate, carrying out secondary filtration, then evaporating and crystallizing to obtain the ammonium perchlorate. By applying the method, the ammonium perchlorate has high extraction rate, high extraction speed, safety, environmental protection and low cost; in addition, reagents and instruments required by the method are both conventional reagents and instruments; the operation method is simple and feasible and is suitable for large-scale application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of recovery of spent propellant components, in particular to a microwave-surfactant-assisted method for extracting ammonium perchlorate in spent HTPB propellants. Background technique [0002] Ammonium perchlorate is a commonly used oxidizing agent and has a wide range of applications in many energetic materials. In the national defense industry, it is used to produce propellant and other explosives, and it is used to produce engraving agent and anti-hail agent for civilian use. It is active and will explode when mixed with reducing agents, combustibles and metal powders. It is easily soluble in water and can be recycled by water dissolution. [0003] Solid propellants play an extremely important role in the military field. As a power source for engines, solid propellants can significantly improve weapon survivability and operational capabilities. Among all kinds of solid propellants, the four-component H...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B11/18
CPCC01B11/185C01P2006/80
Inventor 黄伟佳陈明华安振涛姜志保王彬王韶光
Owner 中国人民解放军32181部队
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