Unmanned monitoring ship for monitoring water ecology of shallow water marsh wetland and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned monitoring ship for monitoring the water ecology of a shallow water marsh wetland and a monitoring method thereof. The unmanned monitoring ship comprises a ship body, a central control system, a power and steering control system, a satellite GPS navigation module, a marsh wetland plant hyperspectral monitoring system, a water ecological environment monitoring system, a data storage unit and a power supply system, wherein the power and steering control system is in communication connection with the central control system through a navigation controller, the satellite GPS navigation module and the data storage unit are in communication connection with the central control system through a serial port bus, and the marsh wetland plant hyperspectral monitoringsystem and the water ecological environment monitoring system are in communication connection with the central control system through the bus, so that the automatic monitoring of the water ecology environment of the shallow water marsh wetland with flexibility, rapidness, high efficiency, fixed speed, fixed point, fixed line and no damage disturbance is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring water ecological indicators of shallow swamp wetlands, in particular to an unmanned monitoring ship and a monitoring method for monitoring the water ecology of shallow swamp wetlands. Background technique [0002] As an important part of the environmental monitoring system, water ecological monitoring is not only an important basic and key link in the planning, protection and restoration of water ecosystems, but also a core prerequisite for ecosystem health protection. With the continuous development and maturity of water environment monitoring, the traditional water environment monitoring has also changed from a single physical and chemical index-based water quality monitoring to a comprehensive water ecological monitoring of water quality and aquatic biological indicators. It can be seen that water ecological monitoring originated from the initial water quality monitoring, from conventional i...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to factors such as shallow water depth, easy mud trapping, and diverse and complex vegetation composition in shallow marsh wetlands, the rapid, timely and efficient monitoring of wetland water ecology is seriously restricted.

[0004] Traditional shallow water swamp wetland water ecological monitoring often requires monitoring personnel to conduct field surveys, while swamp wetlands are mostly composed of sedges, gramineous emergent plants and floating plants. Many plants have rhizomes and often interweave into a thick grass root layer. or floating felt layer, it is easy to entangle the monitoring personnel during field sampling and investigation, so that it is difficult to ensure the safety of the monitoring personnel, and it is time-consuming and laborious, and it often brings destructive (such as harvesting measurement) monitoring disturbance to the wetland ecosystem. It is also difficult to realize the simultaneous determination of wetland ecological indicators and water environment indicators, it is difficult to quickly monitor the growth of emergent plants and floating plants in wetlands, and it is impossible to automatically, quickly and quantitatively detect the quality of wetland water ecological environment

At the same time, in the existing water ecological monitoring, including the common remote sensing multi-spectral classification technology, there is a lack of high-precision and effective identification of wetland plant species. Rapid monitoring and automatic identification technology for plants, emergent plants, floating leaf plants, floating plants, etc.

[0005] The unmanned monitoring ship in the prior art has its limitations in the following aspects: 1. Although it adopts an open propeller, its power efficiency is relatively insufficient and the noise is relatively high; Certain deficiencies; 3. The hull lacks collision and other protective protection design, which is easy to wear and tear; 4. The function is relatively single, and does not have the automatic monitoring function of wetland water ecological environment; still to be developed

[0006] The unmanned monitoring ships in the prior art also have manned ships that monitor the water environment spectrum. The disadvantages of these unmanned ships are: 1. The design of their hulls does not take into account the specific and complex environment of shallow marsh wetlands, and it is difficult to avoid the impact of shallow water plants on the hull. The stalking and fetters of the propeller cannot effectively pass through the complex reefs and shoals in the shallow marsh wetland and realize the monitoring of the water ecological environment of the shallow marsh wetland; The impact of the route makes it difficult to ensure the straight-line sailing of the hull for section measurement; 3. The spectral measurement device is placed in the hull traction device, which cannot avoid the shielding of the spectral measurement device by the hull itself. At a certain angle, the shadow formed by the hull will affect the spectrum. The measurement results bring error effects; 4. The spectral measurement device mainly measures the spectral information of the water body environment, and lacks the spectral monitoring of wetland vegetation; 5. It does not have the real-time transmission function of water environment monitoring data, and it is difficult to grasp the real-time monitoring work and data in real time Happening

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