An electron-transporting conjugated small molecule semiconductor material

Abstract

The invention discloses an electron-transporting conjugated small molecule semiconductor material. The thiophene bridge is an acceptor (A1)-donor (D)-acceptor (A2)-donor (D)-acceptor ( A1) type conjugated small molecule semiconductor materials. The invention introduces a strong electron-deficient double acceptor structure, which is connected by a thiophene bridge to maintain good planarity of the molecule. This type of novel A1-D-A2-D-A1 type conjugated small molecule material has electron transport properties The introduction of solubilizing alkyl chains on the body makes the conjugated small molecule materials solution processable. The conjugated small molecule semiconductor material of the invention is a solution-processable semiconductor material, and can be applied to the fields of non-fullerene photovoltaic acceptor materials, n-type transport organic thin film transistors, thermoelectric materials and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic semiconductors, in particular to an electron transport type conjugated small molecule semiconductor material. Background technique [0002] The application prospects of organic semiconductor materials in the fields of organic light-emitting diodes, organic thin-film transistors, and organic photovoltaics have attracted widespread attention. Compared with traditional inorganic semiconductor materials, organic semiconductor materials have light weight, low cost, adjustable structure, and low-temperature solution processing. And flexibility and other characteristics make organic semiconductor materials have broad application prospects in the fields of energy, display, sensing, and combined circuits. Organic small molecule semiconductor materials have the advantages of clear structure, easy purification, and no batch difference, which have always been the focus of research. However, a common disadvant...

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Problems solved by technology

Organic small molecule semiconductor materials have the advantages of clear structure, easy purification, and no batch difference, which have always been the focus of research. However, a common disadvantage of small molecules is that their solution film-forming properties are poor, and many high-performance small molecules The materials are all realized by vacuum evaporation and blended phase separation strategy, which limits its commercial application to a certain extent.

Using the advantages of donor / acceptor (D / A) conjugated polymers, people designed and prepared D / A-type conjugated small molecule materials, which have the advantages of both general small molecules and conjugated polymers, including fixed structures. , no batch difference and good film-forming performance, D / A type small molecule semiconductor materials have been brilliant in the field of organic photovoltaics in recent years, for example, non-fullerene solar photovoltaic devices with small molecule semiconductor materials as acceptors The conversion efficiency exceeds 15%, and the application potential is huge. The typical structure of this type of high-performance D / A small molecule semiconductor material is that the peripheral unit has a cyanated acceptor (A), and the intermediate unit is a fused ring donor (D ) structure, the fused ring skeleton structure of this non-fullerene acceptor has the disadvantages of cumbersome synthetic route and complicated post-processing process, so it is important to develop a relatively simple synthetic conjugated small molecule acceptor material. the meaning of

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