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Flotation method for removing apples with seriously mildewed cores

A mildew heart disease and fruit technology is applied in the field of flotation for removing apples with severe mildew heart disease, which can solve the problems of low efficiency and expensive equipment, and achieve the effects of simple supporting equipment, good storage and simple operation.

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-03-24
SHANDONG INST OF POMOLOGY +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] In order to overcome the problems of expensive and low-efficiency screening methods for apples with severe moldy heart disease and supporting equipment in the prior art, the present invention provides a flotation method for removing apples with severe moldy heart disease, using density differences to remove fruits with severe moldy heart disease. It can quickly and non-destructively detect and remove apples with severe mildew heart disease, and the supporting equipment is simple, with low cost, simple operation, stable and reliable operation, etc.

Method used

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  • Flotation method for removing apples with seriously mildewed cores
  • Flotation method for removing apples with seriously mildewed cores
  • Flotation method for removing apples with seriously mildewed cores

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] (1) Select 100 red Fuji apples from an orchard, put them into ethanol solutions with mass percent concentrations of 95%, 85%, 75% and 60% after numbering, and record the numbers of floating fruits. concentration of ethanol density;

[0023] Table 1 Density of ethanol solutions with different concentrations (20°C)

[0024]

[0025] (2) Cut the sunken and floating apple fruits in step (1) into half to detect whether there is enzymatic heart disease, and determine that the ethanol concentration of the fruit with moldy heart disease is 75%. number of fruits;

[0026] Table 2 The ups and downs of apples and the number of fruits with moldy heart under different concentrations of ethanol solutions

[0027]

[0028] (3) Treat the apples in the whole orchard according to the ethanol concentration determined in step (2), and remove the floating fruits.

Embodiment 2

[0030] (1) Select 150 red Fuji apples from an orchard, put them into ethanol solutions with mass percentage concentrations of 95%, 85%, 75% and 60% after numbering, and record the numbers of floating fruits. concentration of ethanol density;

[0031] (2) Cut the sunken and floating apple fruits in step (1) into half to detect whether there is enzymatic heart disease, and determine that the ethanol concentration of the fruit with moldy heart disease is 75%. number of fruits;

[0032] Table 3 The ups and downs of apples and the number of fruits with moldy heart disease under different concentrations of ethanol solutions

[0033]

[0034] (3) Treat the apples in the whole orchard according to the ethanol concentration determined in step (2), and remove the floating fruits.

[0035] Select 10 apples of 200±30g and 300±50g respectively, weigh and record, soak in 75% ethanol, take out and weigh again, calculate the ethanol loss rate, and get the ethanol loss rate of 0.76% of th...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a flotation method for removing apples with seriously mildewed cores. The method includes the following steps that: to-be-detected apple samples are selected, the to-be-detected apple samples are numbered, the numbered be-detected apple samples are put into ethanol solutions with different concentrations, and the numbers of floated apples are recorded; each of sunk and floated apples is cut into halves, so that whether the cores of the sunk and floated apples are mildewed can be detected, an ethanol concentration under which apples with seriously mildewed cores can float is determined; and apples in an orchard are treated according to the determined ethanol concentration, and floated apples are removed. According to the method, apples with seriously mildewed cores are removed by means of density difference, so that the apples with seriously mildewed cores can be rapidly detected and removed in a nondestructive mode. The flotation method has the advantages of simple corollary equipment, low cost, easy operation, stable and reliable operation and the like. The ethanol is used as a flotation agent, and therefore, harmful effects on the quality of apples are avoided, the surfaces of the apples can be sterilized, and the apples can be better stored.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a flotation method for removing apple fruits with severe mold core disease. Background technique [0002] Apple moldy core (Moldy core), also known as mold rot and heart rot, is one of the main apple diseases in my country. It occurs in apple production areas all over the country. In some production areas, the incidence rate can be as high as 10-30% in some years. Mildew or rot occurs in the ventricle of the affected fruit, causing problems such as fruit drop during the growth period, reduced quality of mature fruit, and fruit rot during storage. Moldy heart fruit can produce biologically active metabolites or toxins after being infected by pathogenic bacteria, which not only brings economic losses to the fruit storage and processing industry, but also endangers the health of consumers. [0003] Mold heart disease is an infectious disease caused by Alternaria alt...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B03B5/44G01N9/12
CPCB03B5/442G01N9/12
Inventor 杨娟侠孟祥宁孟祥海辛力张倩邹曼
Owner SHANDONG INST OF POMOLOGY
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