Fuel cell test system and control method for efficiently utilizing electric energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell test system for efficiently utilizing electric energy. The system comprises a fuel cell test unit, an auxiliary system unit, an energy storage unit, an energy storage bidirectional converter and an energy management unit. The energy management unit is in communication connection with the fuel cell test unit, the auxiliary system unit, the energy storage unit andthe energy storage bidirectional converter. Wherein the energy storage unit is electrically connected with the fuel cell test unit and the direct-current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter, the alternating-current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter is electrically connected with the auxiliary system unit and an external power grid, and the auxiliary system unit is connected with the fuel cell test unit through a pipeline; the invention further discloses a control method of the fuel cell test system for efficiently utilizing the electric energy. According to the invention, the energy waste that the conventional resistive load consumes the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy is avoided, and meanwhile, the additional electric energy consumption for the resistive load cooling equipment is also saved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell testing, and in particular relates to a fuel cell testing system and a control method for efficient utilization of electric energy. Background technique [0002] Large-scale research, verification and testing of fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems and fuel cell engines are essential steps before fuel cell applications. Since the fuel cell itself is a power generation device that continuously consumes hydrogen, the first solution in the traditional performance testing process is to use a resistive load to consume the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy, resulting in a waste of resources and an increase in cost . In addition, the commonly used electronic loads also need cooling towers, large fans, and even air conditioners to dissipate heat during the process of releasing heat energy to ensure the normal operation of the electronic loads, thus requiring additiona...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the conversion efficiency of hydrogen into electricity during the operation of the fuel cell is generally 50% (based on the low calorific value LHV of hydrogen), while the theoretical electrolysis efficiency of the generated electricity to produce hydrogen through electrolysis of water is very high (the apparent conversion efficiency even It can reach 100%~122%), but in the industry, in order to increase the rate of hydrogen production, it is necessary to heat up and generate polarization overpotential and other factors, and the power conversion efficiency is only 50~70%.

Then the complete cycle efficiency of hydrogen → fuel cell → electrolyzer → hydrogen is only 30%, the energy loss exceeds 70%, and the cost of electrolyzed water hydrogen production system (especially the solid electrolyte membrane electrolyzed water with precious metal platinum or iridium as catalyst) Hydrogen production system) higher, shorter life

Therefore, this scheme is not economical, and there are problems of complex system and complicated maintenance

[0005] On the other hand, sometimes it is necessary to preheat the stack to be tested before the fuel cell test, supply high-pressure air to the fuel cell when the fuel cell is started, and pass cooling water to the fuel cell to control the temperature during the fuel cell test. The electric energy required for the electric heating device for preheating, the cooling device for temperature control of the fuel cell, and the air compressor for providing high-pressure air to the fuel cell generally come from the external power grid, thus further increasing the cost of electricity; especially for The power configuration of the electric heating device for rapid heating of the electric stack is relatively large, and the energy consumption is serious, and at this time the electric stack has not yet started, and its electric energy is completely from the external power grid. There is a risk that fuel cells cannot be tested during brownouts

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