Silicon-containing material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon-containing material and a preparation method thereof. The silicon-containing material comprises silicon oxide particles and a geopolymer, and the geopolymer is dispersed in the silicon oxide particles and on the surfaces of the silicon oxide particles; or the geopolymer is dispersed inside or on the surface of the silicon oxide particles. The preparation method ofthe silicon-containing material comprises the following steps: (1) preparing required raw materials, mixing silicon and silicon dioxide, heating and depositing to obtain sediments, and crushing the sediments to obtain silicon oxide particles; (2) exciting the silicon oxide particles and aluminosilicate under specific conditions to react, thereby obtaining the silicon-containing material. The silicon-containing material has low volume effect and low sensitivity to water, and can effectively improve the first cycle efficiency and safety performance. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, simple and convenient to operate, high in productivity and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a silicon-containing material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique

[0002] Among the existing types of secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries have great advantages in terms of development space, service life and electrical performance, and are quite competitive. At present, the rapidly developing power battery market has put forward higher requirements for lithium-ion batteries: higher energy density, better cycle life, better high and low temperature charge and discharge performance and safety performance, etc. Therefore, as lithium-ion batteries It is an important part of the lithium-ion battery and a key factor affecting the electrical performance of the battery. The research on electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries still needs to be further deepened and perfected.

[0003] As a new type of negative electrode acti...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0039]The silicon-containing material in this embodiment includes silicon oxide particles, a hard carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon oxide particles, and a geopolymer dispersed inside and / or on the surface of the silicon oxide particles, wherein the geopolymer occupies a silicon-containing The total mass of material is 7%. Schematic diagram of the structure of silicon-containing materials such as figure 1 As shown, wherein, X element can be one or more arbitrary elements in alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, titanium element and aluminum element, and Z element can be one or more of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, titanium element and aluminum element A variety of arbitrary elements, X and Z elements can be the same or different. Its scanning electron microscope pictures are as Figure 5 shown.

[0040] The preparation method of the silicon-containing material of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Mix silicon powder and sil...

Embodiment 2

[0045] The silicon-containing material in this embodiment includes silicon oxide particles, a hard carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon oxide particles, and a geopolymer dispersed inside and / or on the surface of the silicon oxide particles, wherein the geopolymer occupies a silicon-containing 12% of the total mass of material.

[0046] The preparation method of the silicon-containing material of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Mix silicon powder and silicon dioxide at a ratio of 1:1, heat at low pressure under the protection of an inert gas, and deposit on the top deposition plate to obtain SiO x The agglomeration of the ingredients, the agglomeration is crushed by jaws, jet milled, ball milled and then pulverized to obtain silicon oxide particles (SiO x particles).

[0048] (2) the above SiO x The particles are mixed with the slag produced by blast furnace iron smelting, immersed in NaOH solution for excitation and cured at 80...

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a silicon-containing material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique

[0002] Among the existing types of secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries have great advantages in terms of development space, service life and electrical performance, and are quite competitive. At present, the rapidly developing power battery market has put forward higher requirements for lithium-ion batteries: higher energy density, better cycle life, better high and low temperature charge and discharge performance and safety performance, etc. Therefore, as lithium-ion batteries It is an important part of the lithium-ion battery and a key factor affecting the electrical performance of the battery. The research on electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries still needs to be further deepened and perfected.

[0003] As a new type of negative electrode acti...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0039]The silicon-containing material in this embodiment includes silicon oxide particles, a hard carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon oxide particles, and a geopolymer dispersed inside and / or on the surface of the silicon oxide particles, wherein the geopolymer occupies a silicon-containing The total mass of material is 7%. Schematic diagram of the structure of silicon-containing materials such as figure 1 As shown, wherein, X element can be one or more arbitrary elements in alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, titanium element and aluminum element, and Z element can be one or more of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, titanium element and aluminum element A variety of arbitrary elements, X and Z elements can be the same or different. Its scanning electron microscope pictures are as Figure 5 shown.

[0040] The preparation method of the silicon-containing material of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Mix silicon powder and sil...

Embodiment 2

[0045] The silicon-containing material in this embodiment includes silicon oxide particles, a hard carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon oxide particles, and a geopolymer dispersed inside and / or on the surface of the silicon oxide particles, wherein the geopolymer occupies a silicon-containing 12% of the total mass of material.

[0046] The preparation method of the silicon-containing material of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Mix silicon powder and silicon dioxide at a ratio of 1:1, heat at low pressure under the protection of an inert gas, and deposit on the top deposition plate to obtain SiO x The agglomeration of the ingredients, the agglomeration is crushed by jaws, jet milled, ball milled and then pulverized to obtain silicon oxide particles (SiO x particles).

[0048] (2) the above SiO x The particles are mixed with the slag produced by blast furnace iron smelting, immersed in NaOH solution for excitation and cured at 80...

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