Silicon-containing material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon-containing material and a preparation method thereof. The silicon-containing material comprises silicon oxide particles and a geopolymer, and the geopolymer is dispersed in the silicon oxide particles and on the surfaces of the silicon oxide particles; or the geopolymer is dispersed inside or on the surface of the silicon oxide particles. The preparation method ofthe silicon-containing material comprises the following steps: (1) preparing required raw materials, mixing silicon and silicon dioxide, heating and depositing to obtain sediments, and crushing the sediments to obtain silicon oxide particles; (2) exciting the silicon oxide particles and aluminosilicate under specific conditions to react, thereby obtaining the silicon-containing material. The silicon-containing material has low volume effect and low sensitivity to water, and can effectively improve the first cycle efficiency and safety performance. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, simple and convenient to operate, high in productivity and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a silicon-containing material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Among the existing types of secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries have great advantages in terms of development space, service life and electrical performance, and are quite competitive. At present, the rapidly developing power battery market has put forward higher requirements for lithium-ion batteries: higher energy density, better cycle life, better high and low temperature charge and discharge performance and safety performance, etc. Therefore, as lithium-ion batteries It is an important part of the lithium-ion battery and a key factor affecting the electrical performance of the battery. The research on electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries still needs to be further deepened and perfected. [0003] As a new type of negative electrode acti...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, when silicon is used as an anode active material, there is a large volume effect in the charging and discharging process, which can easily lead to electrode fracture and pulverization, increased resistance, and a sudden drop in cycle performance, which seriously limits the utilization and commercialization of silicon anode materials.

[0004] At present, the research on silicon negative electrode active materials mainly includes the preparation of silicon-carbon composite materials by mixed pyrolysis of silicon powder and carbon source, and the simultaneous deposition of silicon and amorphous silicon dioxide by the vapor phase method, but the silicon negative electrode improved by the above method The initial charging and discharging efficiency of active materials is still low, they are still relatively sensitive to water, and their safety and stability have not been significantly improved.

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