Mixed acid nitration synthesis continuous production process and device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fine chemical industry production, and provides a mixed acid nitration synthesis continuous process and device. Liquid CO2 is used as a solvent to be mixed with asolid material in a batching tank; an obtained mixture enters a reactor; heat generated in the reaction process is taken away by phase change of CO2, and therefore, the CO2 coming out of the top of the reactor is changed into liquid CO2 through a compressor and a condenser, and returns to the batching tank to be continuously used as a solvent; and a product obtained after a reaction is continuously extracted by a pump. The invention further provides a technological method. The technological method comprises the following steps that: liquid CO2 serves as a solvent to be mixed with a solid rawmaterial in a batching tank; feeding a mixture of nitric acid and H2S04 into a mixed acid storage tank according to a certain ratio; the mixed reaction material is continuously fed into the lower partof a reactor; mixed acid is continuously fed into the upper part of the reactor to react with the raw material; CO2 gas continuously enters the bottom of the reactor to be used as power of the reactor; gas discharged from the top of the reactor is changed into liquid CO2 through a compressor and a condenser, and the liquid CO2 returns to the batching tank to be continuously used as a solvent; anda product obtained after the reaction is continuously extracted by a pump.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fine chemical production, and in particular relates to a continuous production process and device for mixed acid nitration synthesis. Background technique [0002] Nitrification reaction is an important chemical reaction, which is widely used in the production process of organic raw materials and intermediates, and its nitration products are used in the industrial production process of various products such as dyes, pesticides, medicines and explosives. At present, nitric-sulfur mixed acid composed of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is widely used as a nitrating agent in industry. The nitrification reaction process has the characteristics of large heat release and extremely fast reaction speed. The development process of the traditional tank-type batch or tank-type series nitration process is often based on small-scale reactions in the laboratory, and large-scale production is realized by expanding the capacity. The...

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Problems solved by technology

The development process of the traditional tank-type batch or tank-type series nitration process is often based on small-scale reactions in the laboratory, and large-scale production is realized by expanding the capacity. The enlargement of the reaction vessel leads to changes in the specific surface area, and the heat transfer efficiency and mass transfer effect have certain effects. Limitations, and then cause regional over-nitration or hot spots, heat accumulation, easy to generate side reactions such as polynitrogen and oxidation, and easy to burn and explode

In recent years, although microchannel reactors have been used in nitrification reactions, due to the small size of the microreaction channels, usually between a few microns and several hundred microns, the reactants are slightly viscous or the particles are large, which will block the channels, especially It cannot be applied at all when the raw material is solid or the product is solid

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