Seismic quality factor estimation method and device, equipment and storage medium

A quality factor and seismic wavelet technology, applied in the field of seismic exploration, can solve the problems of seismic quality factor estimation system error, reduce the accuracy and stability of seismic quality factor estimation, and it is difficult to achieve the estimation accuracy of seismic data, so as to reduce the systematic error. , reduce the impact of estimation accuracy, improve estimation accuracy and the effect of

Active Publication Date: 2021-05-11
SHENZHEN BRANCH CHINA NAT OFFSHORE OIL CORP
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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the spectral ratio method is relatively sensitive to noise due to the linear fitting method, so it only has high estimation accuracy in theory, but it is difficult to achieve good estimation accuracy for actual seismic data containing high-frequency and low-frequency noise; and the centroid frequency shift method The seismic quality factor estimation method is based on the Gaussian distribution of the source wavelet amplitude spectrum. Although it is less disturbed by noise than the spectral ratio method, it is still difficult to fully satisfy the Gaussian distribution assumption in the actual seismic data. It will cause systematic errors in seismic quality factor estimation, reducing the accuracy and stability of seismic quality factor estimation

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  • Seismic quality factor estimation method and device, equipment and storage medium
  • Seismic quality factor estimation method and device, equipment and storage medium

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Embodiment 1

[0038] figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for estimating a seismic quality factor provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the situation where the seismic quality factor is estimated by using the wavelet amplitude logarithmic spectrum area difference of seismic data. The method can be calculated by The seismic quality factor estimating device is implemented, and the seismic quality factor estimating device can be realized by software and / or hardware, and the seismic quality factor estimating device can be configured on a computing device, specifically including the following steps:

[0039] S101. Acquire seismic data, and determine the amplitude logarithmic spectrum of the seismic wavelet and the main frequency of the seismic source wavelet according to the seismic data.

[0040] In this embodiment, the seismic data may be understood as the common reflection point gather seismic data collected by the geophone, which may include p...

Embodiment 2

[0050] figure 2 It is a flow chart of a seismic quality factor estimation method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is further optimized on the basis of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions. Through the determined log spectrum area difference, the predicted Set the frequency area difference between the frequency function in the high-frequency region and the low-frequency region, and estimate the seismic quality factor according to the attenuation relationship formula determined by the constant quality factor model, reduce the influence of noise and system errors on the estimation accuracy of the seismic quality factor, and improve Estimate stability. Specifically include the following steps:

[0051] S201. Acquire seismic data, perform wavelet picking on the seismic data, and determine the seismic wavelet.

[0052] In this embodiment, wavelet picking can be understood as picking ou...

Embodiment 3

[0110] The embodiments of the present invention provide a comparative implementation mode on the basis of the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments. Firstly, the noise-free synthetic attenuation seismic records are selected to verify the validity of the method for estimating the seismic quality factor in this application. Figure 4 An example diagram of a synthetic attenuation seismic record provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0111] Such as Figure 4 As shown, in the synthetic attenuation seismic record, the Reck wavelet with the main frequency of 45Hz is selected, located at 150ms of the synthetic record, the attenuated receiving wavelet is located at 450ms of the synthetic record, and the Q value of each channel in the synthetic record is 25 , 50, 100 and 150. based on Figure 4 The synthetic attenuation seismic record shown in this application proposes a logarithmic spectrum high-frequency region and low-frequency region area difference...

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a seismic quality factor estimation method and device, equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of acquiring seismic data, and determining a seismic wavelet amplitude logarithmic spectrum and a seismic source wavelet dominant frequency according to the seismic data; determining a frequency band width according to the seismic source wavelet dominant frequency, and determining a high-frequency region and a low-frequency region in a seismic wavelet amplitude logarithmic spectrum according to the seismic source wavelet dominant frequency and the frequency band width; and determining a logarithmic spectrum area difference between the high-frequency region and the low-frequency region, and determining a seismic quality factor according to the logarithmic spectrum area difference. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem that the seismic quality factor estimation is inaccurate due to the fact that more noise exists in the acquired seismic data and the wavelet amplitude spectrum corresponding to the seismic data does not meet the Gaussian distribution hypothesis is solved, and the estimation precision of the seismic quality factor and the stability of the estimation result are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of seismic exploration, and in particular to a seismic quality factor estimation method, device, equipment, and storage medium. Background technique [0002] During the propagation of seismic waves in the actual formation medium, geometric diffusion, projection, reflection loss and incomplete elasticity of the medium will all cause the attenuation of seismic waves. Seismic quality factor is an important parameter to describe the absorption and attenuation of seismic waves. The accuracy and stability of seismic quality factor estimation is of great significance for improving the resolution of seismic data, accurate imaging and interpretation of geological bodies, reservoir prediction and reservoir description, etc. [0003] There are two main methods for estimating the seismic quality factor in the current industry: 1) The spectral ratio method (Logarithm Spectral Ratio, LSR) uses the re...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01V1/30G01V1/36
CPCG01V1/307G01V1/364G01V2210/324G01V2210/63
Inventor 杨登锋刘军彭光荣吴静白海军刘道理李振升杜晓东
Owner SHENZHEN BRANCH CHINA NAT OFFSHORE OIL CORP
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