A control method for upper and lower wall broken surrounding rocks suitable for thin-veined ore deposit mining

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining control, and discloses a method for controlling the broken surrounding rock of the upper and lower plates suitable for mining thin-veined ore deposits. Reinforce the thickness of the rock mass in the direction to form a bearing layer, support the surrounding rock in sections in the inclined direction of the ore body, and limit the sliding of the surrounding rock along the inclination of the ore body; The surface of the body forms a smooth surface. The present invention sets layered oblique-angle bolt support at different heights in the stope, plays a segmented supporting role on the surrounding rock in the inclination direction of the ore body, and further limits its sliding along the ore body inclination. Secondly, the double-controlled blasting technology with hollow holes and smooth surfaces in the upper and lower walls reduces the destructive effect of blasting vibration in the stope on the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower walls, effectively ensures the integrity of the surrounding rocks in the upper and lower walls, and improves the stability of the stope.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining control, and in particular relates to a method for controlling the broken surrounding rock of the upper and lower disks, which is suitable for the mining of thin-veined ore deposits. Background technique [0002] At present, for vein-shaped metal deposits, with the increase of mining depth, the original stress of rock mass increases continuously, and the surrounding rock environment gradually deteriorates, especially the surrounding rock in the ore-rock contact zone is mostly weak and broken. Under the influence of blasting vibration and secondary stress in the mining of the ore body, the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower walls have different degrees of slipping and caving during the mining process of the ore body, resulting in the continuous expansion of the stope span and the gradual increase of the exposed area of ​​the roof, which seriously affects the safety of the vein. mining. And wi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the use of electric rakes in this method, it is necessary to construct layered electric rake chambers and special electric rake equipment wells, which increases the mining cost. The electric rakes and prefabricated artificial shafts must be moved for each layer of mining, and the recovery efficiency is reduced. , due to the broken surrounding rock, the construction and support of the electric rake chamber are more difficult

[0011] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows: the existing thin veins are mined by the traditional shallow hole retention method, and the stope blasting adopts ordinary Z-shaped blast holes, and the vibration generated by the blasting has a damaging effect on the surrounding rock of the upper and lower walls. large, leading to cracking of the upper and lower wall surrounding rocks along the structural plane. During the ore drawing process of each layer stope, as the ore slides, the upper and lower wall surrounding rocks are driven to slide and fall off, resulting in the continuous expansion of the mining width and the continuous increase of the exposed area of ​​the roof, which further induces During the mining process, the surrounding rocks of the upper and lower walls were reversed, and eventually the entire stope could not be mined.

Increased ore loss rate

[0012] The difficulty of solving the above problems and defects is as follows: the main difficulty of the above problems is that the mining width cannot be controlled. The main reasons include two aspects. First, the surrounding rock is broken and the structural plane is developed. Structural surface cracking and falling off

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