Online non-contact shaft diameter measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaft diameter online non-contact precision measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of geometric quantity precision measurement. The invention provides a shaft diameter on-line precision measurement method based on 2D laser measurement and full-scale calibration. The method employs a 2D laser contour sensor to synchronously collect two-dimensional coordinate data of an inspection section, and solves the radius of a measured shaft based on the collected coordinate data and a least square fitting algorithm. A shaft diameter measurement error model is established by adopting a full-scale calibration method, nonlinear errors of a system are compensated in real time by utilizing an error compensation algorithm, and the shaft diameter measurement precision is improved. The method solves the problem of rapid, non-contact, online and high-precision shaft diameter measurement of shaft workpieces. The relative measurement error is less than 0.5%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precision measurement of geometric quantities, and relates to an online non-contact shaft diameter measurement method. Background technique [0002] Shaft parts are the core components of various mechanical devices. They are mainly used to support transmission parts, bear loads and transmit torque. They are widely used in aerospace, military industry and various industries in the national economy. Shaft diameter is an important basic parameter of shaft parts. Its measurement and manufacturing accuracy are directly related to the coordination efficiency of shaft parts and other parts, and play an important role in improving the operation accuracy and life of mechanical equipment. [0003] At present, there are many methods for shaft diameter measurement, mainly including measuring instrument method, three-coordinate measurement method, machine vision method, laser measurement method and so on. The measuri...

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Problems solved by technology

The measuring instrument method mainly uses standard measuring tools such as special gauges, vernier calipers, and screw micrometers to complete the measurement and evaluation of the shaft diameter manually and offline. The demand for measurement can only be used as an auxiliary detection method for the quality inspection of the shaft diameter process on the workshop site; the three-coordinate measurement method uses a high-precision trigger probe on a standard three-coordinate measuring machine, and is based on the coordinate data of the inspection profile collected by point-by-point contact and special algorithm to automatically calculate and analyze the shaft diameter measurement results. This method has the characteristics of strong versatility and high precision, but the contact type and offline measurement limit the efficiency and adaptability of the measurement; the machine vision method uses image processing technology to quickly measure the shaft The diameter of similar workpieces has the advantages of non-contact and high efficiency, but due to the limitation of technical level, its measurement accuracy needs to be further improved, which cannot meet the technical requirements of high-precision shaft diameter measurement; with the advancement of laser measurement technology, based on various The optical non-contact measurement technology of this kind of laser sensor has become an important research direction of shaft diameter measurement. However, due to the limitation of the measurement principle, there are many factors affecting the error of this method, and the optical adaptability, measurement accuracy, and reliability have yet to be determined. in-depth study

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