Water microplastic collection device and three-dimensional collection system

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of environmental monitoring equipment, and specifically relates to a water microplastic collection device, including a collection unit, and the collection unit includes: a sample injection box; a filter device, including a filter screen and a collection pipe connected to the end of the filter screen; , used to connect the outlet of the injection box and the head of the filter screen; the mesh port opening and closing control component, set on the injection box, connected with the mesh head fixing part, used to control the closure of the mesh port of the filter device; the trawl control component , communicates with the network port opening and closing control component, and controls the operation of the network port opening and closing control component after receiving the instruction. Also provided is a three-dimensional collection system for microplastics in a water body, comprising a plurality of groups of the collection devices connected in sequence along the depth direction of the water body. By controlling the opening and closing of the mesh port of the filter, water samples are not collected before the mesh port reaches the specified depth, and the mesh port is directly closed to stop filtration at the end of sampling, which can accurately control the filtration time node and avoid the loss of samples in the filter during the process of retracting the equipment. , to ensure data reliability and accuracy.

Description

technical field [0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring equipment, in particular to a water body microplastic collection device and a three-dimensional collection system, which can be applied to multi-level synchronization of microplastics at different depths in water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, bays and sea areas with static and low flow rates. Automatic collection. Background technique [0002] Microplastics with a particle size of less than 5 mm are an emerging pollutant that has attracted much attention at home and abroad in recent years. They can enter the water environment through various ways, posing a serious threat to aquatic organisms, ecosystems, and even human health. Due to the wide distribution of microplastics in the world, their environmental behavior, fate and impact are quite complex. Currently, there is an urgent need for microplastics in freshwater and marine ecosystems, especially in ser...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the traditional trawl sampling method has the following disadvantages: (1) The pore size of the filter used for trawl sampling limits the size of microplastic particles collected. The main limitation of traditional trawling technology is that it is difficult to collect microplastics smaller than 300 microns, resulting in underestimation of particles in water bodies Concentration of smaller microplastics

In addition, the plankton and algae that bloom in large numbers in the water body may block the small mesh filter and reduce the sampling efficiency

(2) Traditional trawl nets are mostly used in oceans and large rivers, and ships are generally required to provide towing power. It is difficult to sample microplastics without a towing device

(3) In order to avoid the influence of the water body agitation caused by the dragging device such as the hull on the sampling process, the trawling net needs to be set on both sides of the boat and at a certain distance from the hull or at a long distance behind the boat, which brings great difficulties to the sampling operation. big inconvenience

(4) Traditional trawls are difficult to apply to narrow water bodies, such as small water bodies such as ponds and depressions, small urban rivers or rivers with obstacles

(5) Traditional trawling is limited to the sampling of surface water bodies, but it is unable to conduct multi-layer simultaneous sampling of microplastics in the vertical water column in deep water areas

Although Plankton nets or Bongo nets can be sampled in the vertical direction, microplastics at different depths cannot be collected simultaneously, and dragging devices are required, so they are easily affected by boat speed and current

(6) The filter port of the traditional trawl sampling is always open, and the network port cannot be closed in time before and at the end of sampling, resulting in the volume error of the filtered water sample and the loss of microplastics, which affects the accuracy of microplastic sampling

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