Catalyst and method for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide, and method of making catalyst for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide
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example 1
Effect of Alloying Pd on Catalyst Activity
[0030] As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1, the alloying of Pd with Pt, Ag or Au decreases the rate of deactivation (in comparison to a catalyst containing only Pd).
[0031] Catalyst K was prepared by suspending 48.3 grams of Rhone-Poulenc Chemie spheralite 532, a gamma alumina containing 1.3% La.sub.2O.sub.3 and 0.5% Nd.sub.2O.sub.3 and ground to a particle size range of 75 to 212 microns, in 250 ml of deionized water. To this 25 suspension was added an aqueous solution of palladium nitrate containing 2.5 grams of Pd. The pH of the Pd solution had been adjusted to 1.0 with sodium carbonate. After heating this suspension at 80.degree. C. for 15 min., while maintaining the pH at approximately 6-7 with sodium carbonate, a solution of sodium hydroxide and formaldehyde was added and the mixture stirred for another 15 min. The alumina containing 4.9 wt % reduced palladium was filtered, washed with DI water, and dried overnight at 120.degree. C.
[0032] Ca...
example 2
Effect of Different Supports on Catalyst Activity
[0037] Catalyst P was made in the same manner as catalyst K except that the support was Aldrich 24,338-8, a commercially available source of MgO.
[0038] Catalyst Q was made in the same manner as catalyst L except that the support was Aldrich 24,338-8, a commercially available source of MgO.
[0039] Catalyst R was made in the same manner as catalyst N except that the support was Aldrich 24,338-8, a commercially available source of MgO.
[0040] Catalyst S was made in the same manner as catalyst M except that the support was Sturcal F, a commercially available source of CaCO.sub.3 from Sturge Chemicals.
[0041] Catalyst T was made in the same manner as catalyst N except that the support was Sturcal F, a commercially available source of CaCO.sub.3 from Sturge Chemicals.
[0042] The experiments to determine the activity and stability of catalysts P, Q, R, S and T for the generation of chlorine dioxide from sodium chlorite were performed in the same...
example 3
The Use of K.sub.2CO.sub.3 Modified {fraction (1 / 32)}" Alumina Spheres as a Support
[0046] Table 4 and FIG. 6 demonstrate that a suitable catalyst can also be made on a K.sub.2CO.sub.3 modified fixed bed support. A 500 gram portion of the Condea {fraction (1 / 32)}" alumina spheres was modified by spraying on a solution that contained 10 g of K.sub.2CO.sub.3 and 215 grams of water. This was followed by a drying step at 100.degree. C. in a rotating drum and an air calcination at 950.degree. C. for one hour. As shown in Table 5, this modification has no noticeable effects on physical properties of the support.
4TABLE 4 The performance of the K.sub.2CO.sub.3 modified {fraction (1 / 32)}" alumina spheres as a catalyst support Catalyst U Palladium wt % 5 Gold, wt % 3 Amount of K.sub.2CO.sub.3 Added, wt % 2 ClO.sub.2 Conc. (ppm): Initial 1.09 Day 13 1.09 Deactivation Day 13, % 0
[0047]
5TABLE 5 The effects of the K.sub.2CO.sub.3 modification on the physical properties of the {fraction (1 / 32)}" al...
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