Methods for making chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide

a chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide technology, applied in the direction of organic compounds/hydrides/coordination complex catalysts, physical/chemical process catalysts, halogen oxides/oxyacids, etc., can solve the problems of slow decomposition, difficult control of reaction, and inability to complete reaction after 60 minutes

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-09-08
SAMPSON ALLISON H +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Benefits of technology

[0025] These together with other objects and advantages, which will become subsequently apparent, reside in the details of the technology as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.

Problems solved by technology

This reaction (2) predominates at low acid and high chlorite concentrations, making the reaction difficult to control, especially in high alkalinity water supplies.
Further, this decomposition is slow.
However, if the pH of the same chlorite solution is increased to >1.0, the reaction is not complete after 60 minutes.
The generation of chlorine dioxide from chlorate salt, however, is very difficult to control.
High concentrations of all precursors must be used to start the reactions, but when the reactions do not go to completion, undesirable byproducts or unreacted precursor materials contaminate the chlorine dioxide solutions.
The use of chlorine dioxide in many applications has been limited due to the inability to control the reaction chemistries and the inefficiency of the reactions in solutions.
Since chlorine dioxide is an unstable gas, even in solution, it must be generated on-site and used shortly after generation.
However, in all of the prior art processes, controlling the reactions has remained a major obstacle.
In addition, unreacted precursor components and reaction by-products are undesirably carried over into the product solutions.
Also, in many instances, the pH of the product is so low due to the excess acid in solution that it cannot be used in certain applications.

Method used

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  • Methods for making chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide
  • Methods for making chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide
  • Methods for making chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide

Examples

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specific embodiments and examples

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS AND EXAMPLES

Precursor Solution for Examples 1-6

[0045] In Examples 1-6, a single chlorite precursor solution was used for all Examples. The chlorite precursor solution was prepared by diluting an aqueous 25% sodium chlorite solution with reverse osmosis water. The pH of the resultant solution was measured to be 8.5 with a Hach Sension 1 pH meter. The chlorite concentration in the precursor solution was measured to be 823 mg / L by using a Hach Digital Titrator, Iodometric Test Kit for Chlorine. To begin the measurement, 100 ml of reverse osmosis water was placed in a 250-ml Erlenmeyer flask, and 2 ml of the sample precursor solution was placed into the reverse osmosis water. One Potassium Iodide Powder Pillow and one Dissolved Oxygen Reagent 3 Pillow were added to the solution in the flask, swirled to mix, and placed in the dark for 10 minutes to allow the reaction to go to completion. Using a 0.113 N Sodium Thiosulfate Cartridge in the Digital Titr...

example 1

Chlorous Acid Generation by Cation Exchange

[0047] In Example 1, one 30 ml plastic test tube 100 as shown in FIG. 1 was clipped to a wall with pipe clips. The feed tubing ran from a reservoir containing the precursor solution to the bottom of the tube. The product tubing ran from the top of the tube to a brown sample bottle. In this example, the tube was filled with a commercially available strong acid organic cation resin in the hydrogen form, sold under the name Resintech CG-8, such that the tube was full.

[0048] A continuous stream of the chlorite precursor solution was passed upwardly through the tube such that the flow rate was 30 ml / min. A 250 ml sample of solution was taken from the tube's top end and placed in the brown bottle, sealed, and stored in a dark cabinet. A Hach 2010 Spectrophotometer using Method 8138 for the measurement of chlorine dioxide (0-700 mg / L) was used to test the stored sample for chlorine dioxide at one-hour intervals for eight hours.

[0049] The result...

example 2

Chlorous Acid Generation by Cation Exchange from a Chlorite Precursor and Subsequent Catalytic Chlorine Dioxide Generation

[0050] In Example 2, two identical 30 ml plastic test tubes 100 as shown in FIG. 1 were clipped to a wall with pipe clips. Interconnecting plastic tubing ran from the first test tube to the second so that solution flowed from the bottom to the top of each test tube. The feed tubing ran from a reservoir containing the precursor solution to the bottom of the first test tube. The product tubing ran from the top of the second test tube to the flow-through cell of a Hach 2010 Spectrophotometer using Method 8138 for the measurement of chlorine dioxide (0-700 mg / L).

[0051] (A) The first test tube was filled with the Resintech CG-8 strong acid organic cation resin in the hydrogen form such that the tube was full. The second test tube was packed with a commercially available inorganic cation resin in the hydrogen form, sold under the name Resintech SIR-600, having platin...

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Abstract

Chlorous acid is generated from a chlorite salt precursor, a chlorate salt precursor, or a combination of both by ion exchange. The ion exchange material facilitates the generation of chlorous acid by simultaneously removing unwanted cations from solution and adding hydrogen ion to solution. Chlorine dioxide is generated in a controlled manner from chlorous acid by catalysis. Chlorine dioxide can be generated either subsequent to the generation of chlorous acid or simultaneously with the generation of chlorous acid. For catalysis of chlorous acid to chlorine dioxide, the chlorous acid may be generated by ion exchange or in a conventional manner. Ion exchange materials are also used to purify the chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide solutions, without causing degradation of said solutions, to exchange undesirable ions in the chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide solutions with desirable ions, such as stabilizing ions, and to adjust the pH of chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide solutions.

Description

FIELD OF INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a method for generating chlorous acid from an aqueous chlorite salt solution or an aqueous chlorate salt solution, or a combination of both solutions. The present invention also relates to a method for generating chlorine dioxide by means of catalysis of chlorous acid, either subsequent to or simultaneously with generation of the chlorous acid from a chlorite / chlorate salt solution. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] The generation of chlorous acid by the acidification of an aqueous chlorite salt solution or stabilized aqueous chlorine dioxide solution (stabilized chlorite salt solution) by an acid is well known by the following reaction: Na+ClO2−+H+→H+ClO2−+Na+  (1) [0003] It is also well known that over time, chlorous acid slowly decomposes to chlorine dioxide by the following reaction: 5 HClO2→4 ClO2+HCl+2H2O  (2) This reaction (2) predominates at low acid and high chlorite concentrations, making the reaction difficult t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B01J31/08B01J39/02B01J41/02C01B11/02C01B11/08
CPCB01J31/08B01J39/02B01J39/04B01J41/02C01B11/022C01B11/023C01B11/024C01B11/028C01B11/08B01J41/04C01B11/02
Inventor SAMPSON, ALLISON H.SAMPSON, RICHARD L.
Owner SAMPSON ALLISON H
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