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Method for administering a cytokine to the central nervous system and the lymphatic system

a technology of central nervous system and lymphatic system, which is applied in the direction of aerosol delivery, immunological disorders, peptide/protein ingredients, etc., can solve the problems of inability to administer the the current method of delivering desired therapeutic agent to the cns is typically invasive, and the injection is, however, impractical for most medications, so as to achieve the effect of modulating an immune or inflammatory respons

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-07-20
FREY WILLIAM H II
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention relates to a method for delivering cytokines, such as interferon, to the central nervous system and lymphatic system of a subject. The method involves administering the cytokine through the nasal cavity, tongue, mouth, skin, or conjunctiva, or through a tissue in the trigeminal nerve or olfactory nerve. The cytokine can be absorbed through the mucosa or epithelium and transported to the central nervous system or lymphatic system in an amount effective to provide a protective or therapeutic effect. The invention also provides a method for delivering a cytokine to treat and prevent central nervous system disorders, brain disorders, proliferative, viral, and autoimmune disorders. The composition can be formulated as a cosmetic for dermal delivery.

Problems solved by technology

Present methods for delivering desired therapeutic agents to the CNS are typically invasive.
However, implanting such a pump requires surgery, which can entail a variety of serious complications.
Such injection is, however, impractical for most medications.

Method used

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  • Method for administering a cytokine to the central nervous system and the lymphatic system

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Intranasal Administration of IFN-β to the CNS

Introduction

[0172] Administering interferon-β (IFN-β) intranasally is an effective means for delivering this cytokine to the CNS of an animal.

Materials and Methods

Intranasal Delivery to the CNS:

[0173] Male Sprague-Dawley rats, 199 and 275 grams, were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital (40 mg / kg). Drug delivery to the CNS was assessed after intranasal administration of 51 picomoles and 57 picomoles of 125I-IFN-β in 20 mM Hepes, pH 7.5, to the light and heavy rat, respectively. Rats were placed on their backs and administered ˜100 microliters 125I-IFN-β to each naris over 10-22 minutes, alternating drops every 2-3 minutes between the left and right nares. During the intranasal administration of IFN-β, one side of the nose and the mouth were held closed. This method of administering the cytokine allows for both pressure and gravity to deliver the agent into the upper one third of the nasal cavity. Rats subsequently under...

example 2

Intranasal Administration of IFN-β Retains Pharmacological Activity in the CNS

[0178] Assays were performed to determine if IFN-β, delivered intranasally, retained pharmacological activity in the CNS. IFN-β activates signal transduction pathways via a cell surface IFN receptor. The IFN receptor is part of a prototypical JAK-STAT signaling complex. It has two transmembrane chains that associate with intracellular signaling proteins including TYK2, JAK1, and two latent transcription factors termed “signal transducers and activators of transcription” (STATs). Binding of IFN-β to the receptor brings the two Janus kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) near each other, and they become activated by phosphorylation. The kinases then activate the cytoplasmic tails of the IFN receptors by phosphorylating tyrosine residues. These phosphotyrosines provide docking sites for the STATs, bringing them into appropriate positions for phosphorylation by the nearby Janus kinases. Upon phosphorylation STATs transloca...

example 3

Intranasal Administration of IFN-β to the Lymphatic System

[0183] Intranasal delivery of [125I] Betaseron was performed in Sprague-Dawley Rats as essentially described in Example 1. 3.9-7.9 nmol Betaseron was administered in a 44-96 μl volume over the course of 20-29 minutes. Animals were perfused at 30 minutes. Data obtained from eight individual animals is provided in Table 3. Experimental means from this set of experiments are provided in Table 4. These quantitative studies demonstrated delivery of [125I] Betaseron to the superficial cervical nodes and to the deep cervical nodes of the lymphatic system. On average, 6.1 nM Betaseron was found in the superficial cervical nodes, and 31.5 nM was found in the deep cervical nodes following the administration methods of the invention. These results are summarized in Table 5.

TABLE 3Betaseron Concentration (nM) Following I.N. Administration of125I-IFNβ + rhIFNβExperiment1F341F361F371F38MicroCi31476148Nmol3.96.97.96.6Blood Sample #10.530...

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Abstract

The present invention is directed to a method for delivering cytokines to the central nervous system and the lymphatic system by way of a tissue innervated by the trigeminal nerve and / or olfactory nerve. Cytokines include tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, interferons, particularly interferon-β and its muteins such as IFN-βser17. Such a method of delivery can be useful in the treatment of central nervous system disorders, brain disorders, proliferative, viral, and / or autoimmune disorders such as Sjogren's disorder.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 733,168, filed Dec. 8, 2000, which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention is directed to a method for delivering cytokines to the central nervous system and by the lymphatic system by way of a tissue innervated by the trigeminal nerve and / or olfactory nerve. Cytokines include tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, interferons, particularly β-interferon and its muteins such as IFN-βser17. Such a method of delivery can be useful in the treatment of central nervous system and / or brain disorders. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] The central nervous system (CNS) includes several tissues and organs, such as the brain, the brain stem, and the spinal cord. Each of these organs and tissues is made up of a variety of different types of cells and subcellular structures, e.g., neurons, glial cells, dendrites, a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K38/21A61L9/04A61K38/00A61K38/18A61K38/19A61P25/00A61P25/28A61P29/00A61P31/12A61P31/18A61P35/00A61P37/02
CPCA61K38/212A61K38/215A61K38/217A61P25/00A61P25/28A61P29/00A61P31/12A61P31/18A61P35/00A61P37/02
Inventor FREY, WILLIAM H. II
Owner FREY WILLIAM H II
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