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Delivery of pharmaceutical agents via the human insulin receptor

a human insulin receptor and delivery method technology, applied in the direction of immunoglobulins against hormones, drug compositions, peptides, etc., can solve the problems of ineffective delivery of craniotomy-based drugs to the brain, inability to humanize murine hirmab with retention of biological activity, and difficult and stubborn barriers to traverse safely. , to achieve the effect of reducing immunogenic reactions

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-02-28
RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0011] In accordance with the present invention, it was discovered that the murine HIRMAb 83-14 antibody can be humanized to provide a biologically active humanized insulin receptor (HIR) antibody that may be used in combination with drugs and diagnostic agents to treat human beings in vivo. The HIR antibody may be conjugated to the drug or diagnostic agent using avidin-biotin conjugation or the HIR antibody / drug combination may be prepared as a fusion protein using genetic engineering techniques. The HIR antibody is especially well suited for delivering neuropharmaceutical agents to the human brain across the BBB. The humanized character of the HIR antibody significantly reduces immunogenic reactions in humans.

Problems solved by technology

In addition to being expensive and highly invasive, this craniotomy based drug delivery to the brain approach is ineffective, because the drug or gene is only delivered to a tiny volume of the brain at the tip of the injection needle.
However this latter approach requires the ability to undergo transport across the BBB The BBB has proven to be a very difficult and stubborn barrier to traverse safely.
Therefore, it is uncertain as to whether the murine HIRMAb can be humanized with retention of biological activity.
Nevertheless, even with FR amino acid back-substitution, certain antibodies cannot be humanized with retention of biological activity (Pichla et al., 1997).

Method used

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  • Delivery of pharmaceutical agents via the human insulin receptor
  • Delivery of pharmaceutical agents via the human insulin receptor
  • Delivery of pharmaceutical agents via the human insulin receptor

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Cloning of Murine 83-14 VH and VL Genes

[0044] Poly A+ RNA was isolated from the 83-14 hybridoma cell line (Soos et al., 1986), and used to produce complementary DNA (cDNA) with reverse transcriptase. The cDNA was used with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of either the 83-14 VH or 83-14 VL gene using oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) primers that specifically amplify the VH and VL of murine antibody genes, and similar methods are well known (Li et al., 1999). The sequences of PCR ODNs suitable for PCR amplification of these gene fragments are well known (Li., 1999). The PCR products were isolated from 1% agarose gels and the expected 0.4 Kb VH and VL gene products were isolated. The VH and VL gene fragments were sequentially subcloned into a bacterial expression plasmid so as to encode a single chain Fv (ScFv) antibody. The ScFv expression plasmid was then used to transform E. Coli. Individual colonies were identified on agar plates and liquid cultures were produced in LB med...

example 2

Iterative Humanization of the 83-14 HIRMAb: Version 1 Through Version 5

[0045] Humanization of the 83-14 MAb was performed by CDR / FR grafting wherein the mouse FRs in the 83-14 MAb are replaced by suitable human FR regions in the variable regions of both the LC and HC. The Kabat database was screened using the Match program. Either the murine 83-14 VH or the VL amino acid sequence was compared with human IgG VH or human κ light chain VL databases. Using the minimal mismatch possible, several human IgG molecules were identified that contained FR amino sequences highly homologous to the amino acid sequences of the murine 83-14 VH and VL. The framework regions of the B43 human IgG1 heavy chain and the REI human κ light chain were finally selected for CDR / FR grafting of the murine 83-14 HIRMAb.

[0046] Sets of 6 ODN primers, of 69-94 nucleotides in length, were designed to amplify the synthetic humanized 83-14 VL and VH genes (Tables 1 and 2). The ODN primers overlapped 24 nucleotides in...

example 3

Binding of the Humanized HIRMAb to the Human BBB

[0058] Prior work has reported that the radiolabelled murine HIRMAb avidly binds to human brain capillaries with percent binding approximately 400% per mg protein at 60-120 minutes of incubation (Pardridge et al., 1995). Similar findings were recorded with radiolabelled Version 5 humanized HIRMAb in this example. When human brain capillaries were incubated in a radioreceptor assay with [125I] Version 5 humanized HIRMAb, the percent binding approximated 400% per mg protein by 60 minutes of incubation at room temperature, and approximated the binding to the human brain capillary of the [125I-chimeric HIRMAb (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). In contrast, the binding of a nonspecific IgG to human brain capillaries is less than 5% per mg protein during a comparable incubation period Pardridge et al., 1995). This example shows that the Version 5 humanized HIRMAb was avidly bound and endocytosed by the human brain capillary, which forms the BBB in vivo...

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Abstract

A humanized murine antibody is provided that binds to the human insulin receptor (HIR). The humanized murine antibody is suitable for use as a Trojan horse to deliver pharmaceutical agents to human organs and tissue that express the HIR. The humanized murine antibody is especially well suited for delivering neuropharmaceutical agents from the blood stream to the brain across the blood brain barrier (BBB). The humanized murine antibody may be genetically fused to the pharmaceutical agent or it may be linked to the pharmaceutical agent using an avidin-biotin conjugation system.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates generally to the delivery of pharmaceutical agents from the blood stream to the human brain and other organs or tissues that express the human insulin receptor. More particularly, the present invention involves the development of “humanized” monoclonal antibodies (MAb) that may be attached to pharmaceutical agents to form compounds that are able to readily bind to the human insulin receptor (HIR). The compounds are able to cross the human blood brain barrier (BBB) by way of insulin receptors located on the brain capillary endothelium. Once across the BBB, the humanized monoclonal antibody / pharmaceutical agent compounds are also capable of undergoing receptor mediated endocytosis into brain cells via insulin receptors located on the brain cells. [0003] 2. Description of Related Art [0004] The publications and other reference materials referred to herein to describe the background of the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C07K16/26A61K47/48C07K16/28
CPCA61K47/48561C07K2317/24C07K16/2869A61K2039/505A61K47/6849A61P25/00A61P43/00
Inventor PARDRIDGE, WILLIAM M.BOADO, RUBEN J.
Owner RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
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