Angiographic Injector System with Multiple Processor Redundancy

Abstract

An angiographic injector system and a method of controllably delivering medical fluid to a patient from an angiographic injector system are disclosed. A multiple processor control system is used to actively control the injection process and to monitor sensed functions of the system. The multiple processors provide dual redundancy safety circuits for critical control functions such as syringe motor drive speed and current. A motor / servo-amplifier nested control function is also disclosed. A unique method and apparatus are disclosed for establishing injection parameter default values just prior to an injection procedure that are based on physiological values of the patient to be treated. The injector system uses an interactive display panel that presents sequenced set-up screens to the user and which enables the user to select injection procedures, parameters and other modes of operation directly through the interactive panel.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ filed on Oct. 24, 1997, entitled ANGIOGRAPHIC INJECTOR SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC HIGH / LOW PRESSURE SWITCHING which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08 / 946,293, filed on Oct. 7, 1997, which is a file wrapper continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08 / 426,148 filed on Apr. 20, 1995, which are all herein incorporated by reference. This application also incorporates by reference the contents of the following U.S. patent applications: Ser. No. ______, entitled Dual Port Syringe, filed on Oct. 24, 1997; Ser. No. ______, entitled Pneumatic Controller and Method, filed on Nov. 6, 1997; and Design application Ser. No. ______; entitled Hand-Held Pneumatic Control Device, filed on Nov. 6, 1997; all three of which are owned by a common assignee of this application.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates genera...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The system provides real-time, patient-specific injection parameter control, preventing toxic doses and improving angiographic study quality by ensuring optimal contrast material delivery and safety.

Problems solved by technology

Such manual systems typically do not accommodate any safety features such as the restriction or prevention of injections outside of predetermined injection parameters (such as rate or pressure), and generally do not include active sensors or alarms to detect air bubbles or other hazards.

Since the optimal flow rate can vary considerably between patients, the lack of ability of such prior art systems to vary the rate of injection during an injection procedure can result in suboptimal quality of angiographic studies.

Consequently, the initially selected volume or flow rate parameters for an injection of contrast material may be insufficient to outline a desired structure on an X-ray image, thereby necessitating another injection.

Conversely, an excessive flow rate may injure the cardiovascular vessel being injected, cause the catheter to be displaced relative to the patent or lead to toxic effects (such as abnormal heart rhythm) from contrast material overdose.

While the prior automated systems have significantly improved the accuracy and reliability of angiography injection procedures, the known systems have not been as user friendly as desired, have not had automated capability to determine default injection parameters unique to the physiology or other values of the patent to be treated, and have not incorporated pro-active safety features in their system designs.

Heretofore, such automated systems have not been particularly user friendly, but have required the operator or set-up technicians using the system to follow a set-up setup and initialization procedure according to instructions in a user manual.

Besides the nuisance factor associated with the care and handling of such manuals, it is possible to mistake a manual of one injector with that of another or to use an outdated manual that does not include the most current initialization procedures and / or parameters.

A further shortcoming of prior automated systems is that such systems do not maintain and display to the operator the actual real-time injection parameters existing at any instant of the injection procedure, or the cumulative amount of contrast material that has been administered to a patient from the beginning of the injection procedure, to the present.

A deficiency of such prior systems, however, is that such default and stored parameter values are arbitrarily determined and are not generally determined using unique properties or values or characteristics of the patient being treated.

Known automated injection systems also have not incorporated pro-active safety features in their system designs.

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