Mineral gear oils and transmission fluids

a technology of transmission fluids and mineral gear oils, applied in the direction of lubricant compositions, chemistry apparatus and processes, fuels, etc., can solve the problems of reduced effectiveness of lubricants, inability to change the viscosity, and oxidation of base oils, and achieve good viscosity and oxidation properties

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-03-29
THE LUBRIZOL CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This invention relates to mineral oil based gear oils and transmission fluids which comprise a major amount of a mineral oil having an iodine number of less than 9 and where at least 55% of the saturates are aliphatic, and gear oil or transmission fluid additives. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a gear oil or transmission fluid composition comprising a major amount of lubricant basestock and at least one functional additive wherein a major amount of the lubricant basestock comprises a mineral oil having an iodine number of less than 9 and comprising at least 45% by weight of aliphatic saturates. These gear oils and transmission fluids have good viscosity and oxidation properties.

Problems solved by technology

When the lubricant is exposed to these high temperatures, oxidation of the base oil occurs, usually at the points of unsaturation of the oils used in the lubricant.
This oxidation leads to unacceptable viscosity change (increase) and reduced effectiveness of the lubricants.
However, polyalphaolefins are more expensive than mineral oils.
However, Applicants have discovered that oxidation and low temperature performance are affected by the type of saturated components in the oil.

Method used

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  • Mineral gear oils and transmission fluids
  • Mineral gear oils and transmission fluids
  • Mineral gear oils and transmission fluids

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example s-1

Sulfur (526 parts, 16.4 moles) is charged to a jacketed, high-pressure reactor which is fitted with an agitator and internal cooling coils. Refrigerated brine is circulated through the coils to cool the reactor prior to the introduction of the gaseous reactants. After sealing the reactor, evacuating to about 2 torr and cooling, 920 parts (16.4 moles) of isobutene and 279 parts (8.2 moles) of hydrogen sulfide are charged to the reactor. The reactor is heated using steam in the external jacket, to a temperature of about 182° C. over about 1.5 hours. A maximum pressure of 1350 psig is reached at about 168° C. during this heat-up. Prior to reaching the peak reaction temperature, the pressure starts to decrease and continues to decrease steadily as the gaseous reactants are consumed. After about 10 hours at a reaction temperature of about 182° C., the pressure is 310-340 psig and the rate of pressure change is about 5-10 psig per hour. The unreacted hydrogen sulfide and isobutene are ven...

example s-2

Sulfur monochloride (2025 grams, 15.0 moles) is heated to 45° C. Through a sub-surface gas sparge, 1468 grams (26.2 moles) of isobutylene gas are fed into the reactor over a 5-hour period. The temperature is maintained between 45-50° C. At the end of the sparging, the reaction mixture increases in weight to 1352 grams. In a separate reaction vessel are added 2150 grams (16.5 moles) of 60% flake sodium sulfide, 240 grams (7.5 moles) sulfur, and a solution of 420 ml. of isopropanol in 4000 ml. of water. The contents are heated to 40° C. The adduct of the sulfur monochloride and isobutylene previously prepared is added over a three-quarter hour period while permitting the temperature to rise to 75° C. The reaction mixture is heated to reflux for 6 hours, and afterward the mixture is permitted to form into separate layers. The lower aqueous layer is discarded. The upper organic layer is mixed with two liters of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide, and the mixture is heated to reflux for 6 hour...

example s-3

The product of Example S-1 (1000 lbs.) is charged to a reactor, under medium agitation, and heat to approximately 88° C.-94° C. The reaction mixture is brought to equilibrium and the equilibrium is maintained for 30 minutes prior to collection of distillate. The reflux ratio is set at 4:1. The temperature is raised to 105° C. to ensure a steady distillation rate. Distillation is continued for approximately 20-24 hours and yields approximately 230-260 lbs. The temperature is raised to 105° C.-107° C. The system is brought to equilibrium and the equilibrium is maintained for 30 minutes prior to collection of distillate. The reflux ratio is set at 4:1. The temperature is raised to 121° C.-124° C., in order to ensure a steady distillation rate. The distillate is collected over 75-100 hours. The distillation yields approximately 300-400 lbs. of the desired product. The desired product contains 2-5% S2, 91-95% S3, and 1-2% S4.

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Abstract

This invention relates to mineral oil based gear oils and transmission fluids which comprise a major amount of a mineral oil having an iodine number of less than 9 and where at least 55% of the saturates are aliphatic, and gear oil or transmission fluid additives. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a gear oil or transmission fluid composition comprising a major amount of lubricant basestock and at least one functional additive wherein a major amount of the lubricant basestock comprises a mineral oil having an iodine number of less than 9 and comprising at least 45% by weight of aliphatic saturates. These gear oils and transmission fluids have good viscosity and oxidation properties.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to lubricants formed with specific mineral base oils. More specifically, the invention relates to gear oils and transmission fluids which contain a mineral oil of lubricating viscosity which has an iodine number of less than and has a higher percentage of paraffinic saturates than cycloparaffinic saturates.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONGear oils and transmission fluids have been required recently to provide effective lubrication even in systems which are exposed to longer drain intervals and to higher temperatures. When the lubricant is exposed to these high temperatures, oxidation of the base oil occurs, usually at the points of unsaturation of the oils used in the lubricant. This oxidation leads to unacceptable viscosity change (increase) and reduced effectiveness of the lubricants.Lubricant formulators have sought to provide lubricants which have improved oxidation stability. Polyalphaolefins have been used as an alternative to ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10M169/04C10M169/00
CPCC10M101/02C10M169/04C10M169/044C10M125/26C10M129/76C10M133/12C10M133/16C10M133/52C10M133/56C10M135/04C10M135/36C10M137/02C10M137/10C10M155/02C10M159/24C10M2201/087C10M2201/10C10M2201/102C10M2201/105C10M2203/1006C10M2203/1025C10M2203/1045C10M2203/1065C10M2203/1085C10M2205/00C10M2205/02C10M2205/026C10M2205/06C10M2207/024C10M2207/026C10M2207/028C10M2207/121C10M2207/122C10M2207/123C10M2207/125C10M2207/129C10M2207/22C10M2207/287C10M2207/288C10M2207/289C10M2209/084C10M2215/04C10M2215/042C10M2215/06C10M2215/064C10M2215/065C10M2215/066C10M2215/067C10M2215/068C10M2215/08C10M2215/082C10M2215/086C10M2215/12C10M2215/122C10M2215/22C10M2215/221C10M2215/224C10M2215/225C10M2215/226C10M2215/24C10M2215/26C10M2215/28C10M2215/30C10M2217/046C10M2217/06C10M2219/02C10M2219/022C10M2219/024C10M2219/046C10M2219/066C10M2219/068C10M2219/082C10M2219/087C10M2219/088C10M2219/089C10M2219/10C10M2219/102C10M2219/104C10M2219/106C10M2219/108C10M2223/02C10M2223/04C10M2223/041C10M2223/042C10M2223/045C10M2223/047C10M2223/049C10M2223/10C10M2227/061C10M2229/02C10M2229/04C10M2229/041C10M2229/042C10M2229/043C10M2229/044C10M2229/045C10M2229/046C10M2229/047C10M2229/048C10M2229/05C10M2229/051C10M2229/052C10M2229/053C10M2229/054C10N2210/02C10N2210/06C10N2240/02C10N2240/04C10N2240/042C10N2240/044C10N2240/046C10N2240/08C10N2250/10C10N2270/02C10N2010/12C10N2040/044C10N2040/042C10N2040/02C10N2040/046C10N2040/04C10N2010/04C10N2040/08C10N2070/02C10N2050/10
Inventor CAIN, ROBERT W.
Owner THE LUBRIZOL CORP
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