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Pentafluoropropane compositions

a technology of pentafluoropropane and composition, applied in the field of composition, can solve the problems of affecting the stratospheric ozone layer, flammability of refrigerant, and often losing refrigerant during operation

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-12-17
EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention relates to the discovery of compositions of pentafluoropropane and a fluoropropane such as tetrafluoropropane, trifluoropropane, difluoropropane or fluoropropane; 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane; (CF.sub.3).sub.2 CHCH.sub.3 ; 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane; a hydrocarbon such as butane, cyclopropane, isobutane, propane, pentane; or propylene; or dimethyl ether. These compositions are useful as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, pol

Problems solved by technology

In recent years it has been pointed out that certain kinds of fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerants released into the atmosphere may adversely affect the stratospheric ozone layer.
In refrigeration applications, a refrigerant is often lost during operation through leaks in shaft seals, hose connections, soldered joints and broken lines.
If the refrigerant is not a pure component or an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition, the refrigerant composition may change when leaked or discharged to the atmosphere from the refrigeration equipment, which may cause the refrigerant to become flammable or to have poor refrigeration performance.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Phase Study

A phase study shows the following compositions are azeotropic, all at 25.degree. C.

Vapor Press. Composition No. psia (kPa) HPC-245ca / HPC-245cb 75.0 / 25.0 14.1 97 HPC-245ca / HPC-263fb 1.0 / 99.0 54.0 372 HPC-245ca / HPC-272ca 17.2 / 82.8 35.8 247 HPC-245ca / HPC-272ca 17.6 / 82.4 21.1 145 HPC-245ca / HPC-356mff 28.0 / 72.0 16.9 117 HPC-245ca / HPC-356mmz 21.6 / 78.4 18.5 128 HPC-245ca / butane 41.9 / 58.1 40.8 281 HPC-245ca / cyclopropane 12.1 / 87.9 106.9 737 HPC-245ca / isobutane 30.1 / 69.9 56.3 388 HPC-245ca / propane 8.8 / 91.2 139.0 958 HPC-245cb / HPC-245cb 99.5 / 0.5 67.4 465 HPC-245cb / HPC-254ca 98.6 / 1.4 67.5 465 HPC-245cb / HPC-272ca 96.5 / 3.5 68.2 470 HPC-245cb / HPC-281ca 87.7 / 12.3 70.5 486 HPC-245cb / HPC-281ca 93.4 / 6.6 68.8 474 HPC-245cb / butane 93.3 / 6.7 68.5 472 HPC-245cb / cyclopropane 40.8 / 59.2 110.7 763 HPC-245cb / DMB 68.9 / 31.1 107.0 738 HPC-245cb / isobutane 80.2 / 19.8 75.1 518 HPC-245cb / propane 24.3 / 75.7 139.7 963 HPC-245cb / propylene 28.2 / 71.8 172.9 1192 HPC-245ca / HPC-272ca 8.8 / 91.2 35.0 241 HPC-245ca / HPC-2...

example 2

Impact of Vapor Leakage on Vapor Pressure at 25.degree. C.

A vessel is charged with an initial composition at 25.degree. C., and the initial vapor pressure of the composition is measured. The composition is allowed to leak from the vessel, while the temperature is held constant at 25.degree. C., until 50 weight percent of the initial composition is removed, at which time the vapor pressure of the composition remaining in the vessel is measured. The results are summarized below.

INITIAL 50% LEAK DELTA WT % A / WT % B PSIA KPA PSIA KPA % P HPC-245ca / HPC-245cb 75.0 / 25.0 14.1 97 14.1 97 0.0 90 / 10 14.2 98 14.2 98 0.0 99 / 1 14.2 98 14.2 98 0.0 50 / 50 14.5 100 14.4 99 0.7 30 / 70 15.3 105 15.1 104 1.3 10 / 90 16.3 112 16.2 112 0.6 1 / 99 16.9 117 16.8 116 0.6 HPC-245ca / HPC-263fb 1.0 / 99.0 54.0 372 54.0 372 0.0 30 / 70 50.7 350 47.4 327 6.5 35 / 65 49.7 343 45.1 311 9.3 36 / 64 49.5 341 44.6 308 9.9 HPC-245ca / HPC-272ca 17.2 / 82.8 35.8 247 35.8 247 0.0 1 / 99 34.7 239 34.6 239 0.3 50 / 50 34.0 234 31.6 218 7.1 55 / 4...

example 3

Impact of Vapor Leakage at 0.degree. C.

A leak test is performed on compositions of HFC-245ca and HFC-272ca, at the temperature of 0.degree. C. The results are summarized below.

WT % A / WT %B INITIAL 50% LEAK HPC-245ca / HPC-272ca PSIA KPA PSIA KPA DELTA % P 15.2 / 84.8 15.4 106 15.4 106 0.0 1 / 99 15.0 103 15.0 103 0.0 40 / 60 15.0 103 14.4 99 4.0 52 / 48 14.4 99 13.0 90 9.7 53.47 14.4 99 12.8 88 11.1

These results show that compositions of HFC-245ca and HFC-272ca are azeotropic or azeotrope-like at different temperatures, but that the weight percents of the components vary as the temperature is changed.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions of pentafluoropropane and a fluorinated propane having from 1 to 5 fluorine atoms; a hydrocarbon having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane, (CF3)2CHCH3, dimethyl ether; or 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane. The compositions, which may be azeotropic or azeotrope-like, may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particular removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents or displacement drying agents.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to compositions that include pentafluoropropane. These compositions are useful as cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONFluorinated hydrocarbons have many uses, one of which is as a refrigerant. Such refrigerants include dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) and chiorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22).In recent years it has been pointed out that certain kinds of fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerants released into the atmosphere may adversely affect the stratospheric ozone layer. Although this proposition has not yet been completely established, there is a movement toward the control of the use and the production of certain chlorofluorocarbons (CF...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08J9/00C08J9/14C09K5/00C09K5/04C11D7/50C11D7/22C11D7/26C11D7/24C11D7/28
CPCC08J9/149C08J2207/04C09K5/045C09K2205/11C09K2205/12C09K2205/22C09K2205/32C11D7/24C11D7/263C11D7/28C11D7/505C11D7/5072C11D7/5077
Inventor MINOR, BARBARA HAVILANDCHISOLM, TUNEEN E. C.
Owner EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO