Method for obtaining haploid of cultivated dendranthema morifolium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology breeding, and discloses a method for obtaining a haploid of cultivated dendranthema morifolium. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting a cultivated dendranthema morifolium variety as a 'female parent', pollinating and hybridizing by utilizing inactivated pollen of a mentor male parent, and culturing ovules in vitro in a tissue culture way to overcome the barrier of the production and identification of the haploid of the cultivated dendranthema morifolium, Dendranthema. The morphological identification and cytological identification are performed on obtained haploid materials; the haploid materials that morphological features such as stems, leaves, inflorescences, pores and the like are different from those of the 'female parent' or specific characters appear are selected for the cytological identification; and the haploid is obtained if chromosomes are one half of that of the 'female parent'. By the method, haploids of multiple cultivated species are successfully produced, and novel materials are provided for germplasm innovation as well as origin and evolution research of Dendranthema plants.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology breeding and relates to a method for obtaining haploids of cultivated chrysanthemums. Background technique [0002] Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) is a plant of the genus Chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae, and its cultivated varieties are mostly hexaploid and aneuploid. It is one of the top ten traditional famous flowers in my country and one of the four major cut flowers in the world. Li Hongjian, 1993), has a cultivation history of more than 1,600 years. It is formed by natural hybridization of Maohua chrysanthemum, wild chrysanthemum and purple flower wild chrysanthemum and long-term artificial selection (Chen, 1957; Chen, 1985). Chrysanthemum breeding has always been considered a miracle in the history of flower breeding in the world. According to statistics, the total number of chrysanthemum varieties in the world is about 20,000-30,000 at present, and there are more than 4,000 trad...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main problem in anther culture is that the plants come not only from pollen, but also from other parts of the anther, such as the wall and compartment of the anther. The result is a mixed population of different ploidy levels. Because the frequency of haploid production is extremely low, it takes It takes a lot of time to identify, and the results are open to question, and the use of artificial culture of pollen can overcome this difficulty

But the inflorescence of chrysanthemum is capitulum, and anther is the polycystic stamen, can't determine its specific growth period, even if determined its suitable growth period, it is also extremely difficult to take out anther, and the pollen vigor of chrysanthemum is low in addition, after sterilization several No vigor, making anther culture very difficult

[0006] Unfertilized ovule culture belongs to parthenogenesis and is also an important means to obtain haploid. Compared with anther and pollen culture, ovule culture produces a better proportion of haploid offspring and is more convenient for identification, but ovule culture is generally not easy to produce offspring

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