PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) metal bipolar plate conducive to improving fluid distribution

Abstract

The invention provides a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) metal bipolar plate conducive to improving fluid distribution. The PEMFC metal bipolar plate comprises a cathode monopolar plate and an anode monopolar plate in corresponding connection, wherein three-cavity public pipelines are arranged on the two sides of the cathode and anode monopolar plates, and a direct current field flow channel, a distribution flow channel and an inlet / outlet flow channel are arranged in the middle;; the direct current field flow channel is formed by bulges and grooves in parallel; the distribution flow channel is formed by channelization islands distributed regularly and reversely-convex support points; the inlet side and outlet side of the cathode and anode monopolar plates are asymmetrical; andthe inlet area of an air cavity public pipeline is 0.1-0.5 time greater than the outlet area. The metal bipolar plate has the advantages that: the distribution flow channel improves the distribution conditions of reaction gas and cryogen, and thus can improve the galvanic pile performance and optimize the galvanic pile water management capacity; the inlets and outlets of three cavities are asymmetrical, thereby saving space to the greatest degree; an assembled galvanic pile is suitable for the operations of horizontally, laterally and vertically placing the galvanic pile; and the outer positioning in battery pile assembly can avoid torsion and deformation of the battery pile, thereby improving the flatness of the battery pile.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a metal bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has attracted widespread attention due to its high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, safety and other characteristics, and is considered to be the preferred power system to replace the internal combustion engine. The bipolar plate is a key component of PEMFC. It not only significantly affects the performance of PEMFC, but also accounts for 70%-80% of the weight of the stack and more than 45% of the cost. Therefore, the development of light and thin bipolar plates that are easy to achieve large-scale production is of great significance for improving the specific power of the stack, reducing production costs, and promoting the commercialization of PEMFC. [0003] The current materials for preparing bipolar plates mainly inclu...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] In the prior art, the patent CN 101133506A discloses a metal bipolar plate with a distribution head at both ends and a wave-shaped flow field in the middle. Accurate positioning during stack assembly

[0006] Patent CN 101420037A discloses a metal bipolar plate type, the cathode flow field is a DC field divided into three, and the anode flow field is a serpentine flow field divided into two. Its advantage is that the double-layer structure can realize the reaction gas It communicates with the refrigerant, and the pressure difference between the gas inlet and outlet is large; but its disadvantages are: the serpentine flow field structure makes the gas resistance mostly consumed at the corners, which is not conducive to the removal of reaction water and gas tail gas. In addition, the water flow The entrance and exit of the field are relatively small, and the water resistance is large, which is not conducive to the heat exchange of bipolar plates

Its disadvantage is that the distribution head is limited to the gas flow field, and does not change the refrigerant fluid distribution flow field

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