Method for extracting lipid components

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting lipid components. By employing a subcritical extraction technology with a polyfluoroalkane low pressure liquefied gas as an extraction medium, the method can conduct lipid component extraction in various raw materials. Making use of the polyfluoroalkane characteristics of stable chemical property, safety and nontoxity, noncombustibility and existence of dissolved lipid components after liquefaction, the method extracts lipid components (oil, lipoid, oil-soluble pigment, essential oil, wax, etc.) from some raw materials with low energy consumption, and also can select an extraction medium with similar polarity. Characterized by high extraction efficiency and good product quality, the method of the invention can realize room temperature or low temperature operation in the overall process, and ensure every functional component in the raw materials free from thermal destruction to the utmost. And degreased meal can undergo secondary deep development, thus benefiting for comprehensive utilization of raw materials and realization of high value-added processing. Therefore, the method provided in the invention is of important application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to lipid processing technology, in particular to a method for extracting lipid components. Background technique [0002] Lipids are a class of natural organic compounds that contain alkyd esterification structures, are soluble in organic solvents but not in water, are essential nutrients for the human body, and are important components of the human body, including fats and lipids. Commonly referred to as fats include fats and oils, those that are in a solid state at room temperature are called "fat"; those that are in a liquid state are called "oil". Daily edible animal and vegetable oils, such as lard, vegetable oil, soybean oil, and sesame oil, are all fats and oils, that is to say, daily edible oils are fats. Lipids are substances very similar to fats and oils. There are many types, mainly including: lecithin, neurophospholipids, cholesterol and lipoproteins. The so-called lipid components also include some fat-soluble pigmen...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In recent years, some new oil extraction processes have also been developed. There is a method of using water instead of solvent to simultaneously produce oil and protein with the help of enzymes. This method is still in the experimental stage in the world. Although the reaction conditions Mild, the main quality indicators of the product are similar to those of the solvent extraction method, but the yield of oil is only 75%~90%, and the yield of protein is about 65%; with supercritical CO 2 The extraction method has the highest product quality, high oil yield, and low temperature during processing, but this method requires high equipment, limited production scale, and high production cost, which is not suitable for industrial production; there is also a method called The method of subcritical fluid extraction is a technique to extract target components from natural products by using the subcritical fluid as the solvent, and successively go through the processes of leaching, evaporation, desolventization, compression, and condensation recovery with the solute in the system. , when used in oil extraction, propane or butane is mainly used, the boiling point is below 0°C, it is non-toxic, low-temperature processing, and the active product that retains raw materials is not damaged or oxidized, and can be industrialized and large-scale production, energy saving, Low operating cost, easy to separate from the product, etc., but the solvent is volatile, flammable and explosive, and has high requirements on production equipment, environment and daily operation, and there are extremely serious safety hazards, which limit its large-scale application