Ecological irrigation method for combining rainfall regime with physiological water requirement of rice

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological irrigation method for combining rainfall regime with physiological water requirement of rice. The ecological irrigation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, after rice is sown and gets through the seedling culture period of 2-3 weeks, transplanting the seedlings to flat parcel of rice field and controlling the water depth of the field surface of rice field to be 30-50mm; secondly, after the seedlings are transplanted for 10-14 days, starting to carry out the drying and wetting alternative intermittent irrigation of a shallow surface layer of the rice field and irrigating the rice field until the water depth of initial field surface is 75-80mm; thirdly, when natural water on the field surface completely falls below the surface soil by 0-5mm, irrigating to the water depth of the initial field surface; fourthly, repeating the third step; in the process of repeating the third step, stopping the operation of the third step when rice grows to tillering stage and booting stage and keeping the water depth of the field surface to be 30-60mm; still operating according to the rule requirement of the third step during other growth stages of rice; and when the rice reaches yellow ripeness and the natural water on the field surface completely falls below the surface soil by 0-5mm, harvesting the rice.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ecological irrigation method combining rainfall and physiological water demand of rice, and belongs to the field of resource-saving farmland non-point source pollution control and environmental protection. The rice ecological irrigation method refers to the use of alternating dry and wet irrigation according to the rainfall forecast combined with the physiological water demand of rice to reduce the amount of irrigation water in the paddy field, thereby saving water resources, reducing the runoff and drainage of the paddy field, and thereby reducing the loss of nitrogen in the paddy field, so that the paddy field has nitrogen retention. function. Background technique [0002] Rice is the food crop with the largest planting area and production volume in my country, and it is also the crop with the largest water consumption. At present, its water consumption accounts for about 54% of the country's total water consumption and mo...

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Problems solved by technology

Sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation have significant water-saving effects, but due to the high cost of irrigation equipment, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation are not suitable for large-scale promotion in rice production; thin dew irrigation in the field can effectively reduce the irrigation water volume of rice fields and save water resources, but thin dew irrigation requires "thin irrigation water". , often exposed to the field", after each irrigation (including rainfall), it must naturally fall into the open field. If the flood irrigation exceeds 5 consecutive days, it should be drained and dry, resulting in high frequency of artificial drainage and large loss of nitrogen and phosphorus drainage; Alternating wet and dry irrigation (also known as intermittent irrigation) is a commonly used measure for water-saving irrigation of rice, which can reduce the amount of irrigation water and improve water use efficiency, but it does not take into account the physiological water demand of rice, such as the booting and heading flowering stages of rice. Drying will reduce the effective panicle and thousand-grain weight, and the yield of rice is not high; rice mulching dry farming is mostly used in mountainous and hilly water-shortage areas, and has a better effect on rice water saving and emission reduction, but film mulching dry farming requires plastic film mulching. During the rice harvest period, the plastic film is easily damaged and difficult to recycle, resulting in secondary pollution of the agricultural film

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